at 5.30 p.m., and for subsequent written discussion
SYNOPSISThe benefits arising from plasticity in structures are well established, but it is not so well known that the beneficial effects may be curtailed in multi-storey frames because of simultaneous deterioration of elastic stability. This study of frame instability is perhaps the most perplexing and intriguing research subject of the moment in frame design, and an attempt is here made to clarify what is involved. Part of the present difficulty arises from a neglect in the past to study the stiffening effects of the cladding of tall buildings.Within this setting an account of the work of the Building Research Station is given, and in relating this work to that of other research schools it is convenient to present the subject in the form of a brief historical account of the development of research. The emphasis throughout is on the necessity of producing rapid design methods. The great distinction between "no-sway" designs and designs involving side-sway is brought out, together with the effects which frame instability and composite action have on this issue. In spite of the tremendous numerical work obviously involved a mathematical treatise is purposely avoided.It appears that, whereas it is imperative to make provisions for probable loss of carrying capacity of frames due to instability, the general behaviour of practical frames favours "collapse" design, particularly if some simple, and in the meantime modest, contribution from composite action can be devised.
NOTATIONA denotes cross-sectional area C (with suffix 1 and 2) denotes out-of-balance fixed-end moments c is a stability function DC denotes double-curvature E ,, Young's modulus K (with appropriate s m ) denotes stiffness L denotes length Llr ,, slenderness ratio M (with appropriate suffix) denotes bending moment * Crown copyright reserved. 69 Downloaded by [ UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA] on [11/09/16].
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