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Microanalyses of unstructured videotaped interactions of three mother-infant dyads revealed dramatic shifts in dyadic vocalization patterns from primarily overlapping to primarily alternating. Maximal overlapping vocalization appeared between 7 and 13 weeks for the different dyads, and subsequent alternation predominance peaked between 12 and 18 weeks. The findings are compared with prior work which had not found alternation predominance and reasons for the difference are suggested. The early emergence of a sequence of predominantly overlapping vocalization followed by predominantly alternating vocalization may be linked to the concomitant development of multimodal sensory-sensory and sensory-motor integration. If so, then the emergent patterns reflect increased potential for co-ordination within the dyad, which may be capitalized upon by the mother and by the infant.

Although some scholars have contended that psychotherapy and new religions are competitors in the therapeutic and experiential marketplace, few attempts have been made to examine the nature of this alleged competition in contemporary society. One reason for this may be the dominant role played by psychologists and psychiatrists in defining reality in today's "psychological society." The present article addresses this problem by positing the functional equivalence of these two different approaches to reality, individual adjustment and growth. Six commonalities between psychotherapy and new religions are identified and discussed as the basis for understanding the functional equivalence of different practices in a pluralistic society. It is concluded that rivalry between new religions and psychotherapy can be best understood from a sociological conflict perspective and may be indicative of larger stresses and strains in society.

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