An experitnent was conducted during raitiy season (April-August) of 1994 atid 1995 to assess the performance of rice, maize, sesame, greengrarn and blackgram grown in sole and intercropping system on Gangetic alluvial upland (Entisol) in West Betigal, India. All intercropping systems except sesame + rice had higher total productivity in terms of rice equivalent yield and net returns than all the sole crops. However, maxitmum advantage was obtained from paired row planted maize blackgram system followed by rnaize 4-sesame, maize -Iblackgram and paired row planted rice -I-blackgram. Paired row planted maize + blackgram increased land use efficiency (42 %), rice equivalent yield (2955 kg ha"'), monetary return (Rs. 7294ha"'), incotueequivalent ratio (1,22). monetary advantage (Rs, 3701 ha"') compared with other cropping systems, which proved to be the most efficient system. The same treatment also indicated a modest competitive ratio (4.65:0.21) and gave a good value for the product of crowding coefficietit (8.2S).
Among, five IPM modules tested against tomato fruit borer and fruit rot on tomato, the IPM module (M3) consisting of use of pheromone traps (@ 12 traps/ha) just after transplanting the tomato crop , Lycopersicon esculentum Miller for monitoring the population of Helicoverpa armigera . followed by three foliar sprays commencing with a mixture of lamba-cyhalothrin 5EC @ 0.8ml/L(0.04%) and Dithane Z-78 (Zineb) @ 2.5g/L (0.25%) after 10 days of appearance of moths in the traps (after 30 days of transplanting) followed by spray with a mixture of Helicide (Ha NPV) 100 LE @ 0.5ml/L+ Indofil M-45 @ 2.5g/L (0.25%) + Gur (0.05%) + Tween 80 (0.05%) after 15 days of first spray followed by spray with a mixture of lamba-cyhalothrin 5EC @ 0.8ml/L(0.04%) and moximate (cymoxanil + mancozeb) @ 0.25% after 15 days of the second spray was found to be most effective in minimizing the infestation of fruit borer and fruit rot diseases with 50.00% and 63.45% reduction over control, respectively. This module was also found to be most economic resulting in highest marketable fruit yield (255.94q/ha) and maximum net returns (Rs.10.36) per rupee spent. The present findings are of immense utility as there will be reduction in number of sprays resulting in the cost of production of tomato crop.
The mutagenic effect of various concentrations of sodium azide on traits of three varieties of tomato was investigated with the aim of improving the quality and quantity of the traits of economic importance. The seeds of three tomato varieties namely: Roma, UC and a Local variety were treated with (0.1mM, 1.0 mM, 2.0 mM and 0.0 mM as control) via pre seasons. The results obtained revealed highly significant difference (P various concentrations of sodium azide on the number of leaves, leaf area, number of fruits, fruit weight, pericarp thickness, number of seeds/fruit and pH of the fruit ju improvement (P≤0.05) was recorded on fruit diameter. More so, significant differences were found in the interactions of the varieties to the mutagenic treatments during the rainy season than the dry season. The interaction showed that all the mutants treated with 0.1mM concentration have the highest response in all the selected traits during rai fruit diameter. Similarly, all the 1.0mM treated mutants showed highest response during rainy season except in leaf area where highest response was found in dry season. Similar result was found in 2.0 mM treated mutants. We therefore concl azide concentration improves important quality traits of tomato more especially variety UC as it responds significantly to sodium azide and that, the mutant tomato could be grown both during the rainy and dry seasons.
The Impact of Sodium Azide on the Germination and Growth of Two Varieties of Tomato was investigated with the aim of inducing variability that could be exploited in the improvement of some quality traits in tomato plants. The seeds of two varieties of Tomato (Roma and UC82B) were treated with three different concentrations of Sodium Azide (0.1mM, 1.0 mM, 2.0 mM and 0.0 mM as control). The result obtained revealed a highly significant differences (P≤0.01) in the effects of Sodium Azide on seedlings heights, Height at maturity, fruit weight, pericarp thickness, number of leaves and pH(Potential of Hydrogen) Significant improvement (P≤0.05) was also recorded in fruit diameter, while no significance difference was found on Root dry weight. The result revealed that Sodium Azide improve important quality traits in tomato. However, the response of variety UC82B to Sodium Azide was higher. More so, significant differences were observed between the seasons except in the number of leaves, fruit number, pericarp thickness and fruit diameter. It was concluded that 0.1 mM of Sodium Azide improve some quality traits of tomato that could be utilized in the improvement of tomato.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.