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Cytochemical localization of calcium on muscle fibers from patients with X-linked vacuolated myopathy demonstrated strong sarcolemmal or vacuolar calcium deposits in histologically abnormal muscle fibers. All membrane attack complex-positive fibers demonstrated such calcium accumulation. Total content of calcium was significantly elevated in muscles from patients with X-linked vacuolated myopathy compared to control muscles. Taken together, these results suggest that calcium accumulation on sarcolemma could be probably secondary to membrane attack complex deposition on the cell surface.

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