A 2012 Institute of Medicine report is the latest in the growing number of calls to incorporate a population health approach in health professionals’ training. Over the last decade, Duke University, particularly its Department of Community and Family Medicine, has been heavily involved with community partners in Durham, North Carolina to improve the local community’s health. Based on these initiatives, a group of interprofessional faculty began tackling the need to fill the curriculum gap to train future health professionals in public health practice, community engagement, critical thinking, and team skills to improve population health effectively in Durham and elsewhere. The Department of Community and Family Medicine has spent years in care delivery redesign and curriculum experimentation, design, and evaluation to distinguish the skills trainees and faculty need for population health improvement and to integrate them into educational programs. These clinical and educational experiences have led to a set of competencies that form an organizational framework for curricular planning and training. This framework delineates which learning objectives are appropriate and necessary for each learning level, from novice through expert, across multiple disciplines and domains. The resulting competency map has guided Duke’s efforts to develop, implement, and assess training in population health for learners and faculty. In this article, the authors describe the competency map development process as well as examples of its application and evaluation at Duke and limitations to its use with the hope that other institutions will apply it in different settings.

Despite evidence that physical activity can reduce the cardiometabolic risk of patients with psoriasis, these patients may engage in less physical activity than those without psoriasis. The aim of this study was to examine the association of the extent of psoriatic skin lesions with the likelihood of participating in leisure-time moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and metabolic equivalent task (MET)-minutes of MVPA amongst those who participated. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a population-based survey among U.S. adults. A total of 6549 persons aged 20-59 years responded to the 2003-2006 NHANES dermatology questionnaires, which asked about participation in leisure-time MVPA and MET-minutes of MVPA amongst those who participated. Compared with individuals without psoriasis, those with psoriasis were less likely to have engaged in leisure MVPA in the past 30 days, although this association was not statistically significant. Amongst those who participated in leisure-time MVPA, MET-minutes of leisure-time MVPA were lower on average for patients currently having few to extensive cutaneous lesions (but not for those currently having little or no psoriatic patches), relative to individuals never diagnosed with psoriasis by approximately 30%. Clinicians should encourage patients with psoriasis, especially those with more severe disease, to be more physically active; they should help identify and address possible psychological and physical barriers to their patients' physical activity.

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To help shape the future of health care in North Carolina, Duke University School of Medicine has implemented several new initiatives aimed at providing primary care providers with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to improve population health and health care.A n aging population, growing obesity rates, and increases in chronic disease are stressing the services of primary care practices in North Carolina. To adapt to these changes, primary care providers must learn to work smarterby adopting public health viewpoints, analyzing health data, using teams, and partnering with the community. To this end, Duke University School of Medicine is developing population health training for medical students, residents, and faculty members that will help them address adverse health trends and disparities in health and health care.

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic forced not only rapid changes in how clinical care and educational programs are delivered but also challenged academic medical centers (AMCs) like never before. The pandemic made clear the need to have coordinated action based on shared data and shared resources to meet the needs of patients, learners, and communities. Family medicine departments across the country have been key partners in AMCs' responses. The Duke Department of Family Medicine and Community Health (FMCH) was involved in many aspects of Duke University's and Health System's responses, including leadership contributions in delivering employee health and student health services. The pandemic also surfaced the biological and social interactions that reveal underlying socioeconomic inequalities, for which family medicine has advocated since its inception. Key to success was the department's ability to integrate "horizontally" with the broader community, thereby accelerating the institution's response to the pandemic.

Hypertension is a prevalent issue affected by many factors. Beliefs of the general population, including the role of self-management, seem consistent with current medical knowledge. However, this study only evaluated beliefs not behaviors of patients. Further study is needed to elucidate patient-oriented factors that may limit control of hypertension.

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The Standard Elements Importer (import tool) is a utility that can be used to import data from formatted CSVs into Elements via the Elements API. GlossaryCategory: The category of object (or 'element') that can be imported into Elements -publications, grants, activities, etc. The list in Appendix A is definitive and cannot be extended. Metadata object:The metadata that describes an import object, regardless of category. For example metadata about a grant is a metadata object, as is metadata about a publication.Type: There are different types of metadata object available within each category. Appendix A lists the default types available in Elements by category. This list can be extended in Elements by administrators.Field: A metadata field available on a metadata object, different types can be configured to employ different fields these are known as field usages. Appendix C lists a set of default fields. This list can be extended in Elements by administrators. Field usages:The configuration of which fields are available on a type. The current configuration of these usages can be viewed in Elements.Field type: Each field has a field type associated with it. This describes the type of data that the field can be populated with. Appendix B includes a list of field types available in Elements. This list is definitive and cannot be extended.