Etoricoxib 30 mg qd was at least as effective as celecoxib 200 mg qd and had similar safety in the treatment of knee and hip OA; both were superior to placebo. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT00092768; NCT00092791.
Synthetic procedures for preparing the green Mn4(3,5-DBSQ)8 tetramer are reported. Spectral and structural characterization of the complex shows that the metal ions are in the Mn(II) form and that the quinone ligands are bonded as semiquinones. Weak magnetic exchange between the high-spin d1 2345 metal ions and the paramagnetic ligands results in a magnetic moment of 5.1 µ per Mn(3,5-DBSQ)2 unit at room temperature. Treatment of the tetramer with pyridine results in formation of the Mn(3,5-DBCat)2(py)2 monomeric addition product. A structural study has shown that the metal ion of this molecule is Mn(IV) and that the quinone ligands are bonded in their catecholate form. EPR spectra verify the d3 configuration of the metal ion. In toluene solution at room temperature purple crystals of the complex give a green solution. At temperatures below 230 K the solution assumes the purple color of the crystals. Spectral evidence suggests an equilibrium between Mnn(3,4-DBSQ)2(py)2 (green) and MnIV(3,4-DBCat)2(py)2 (purple) forms of the complex over the temperature range between 230 and 300 K in toluene. In pyridine the equilibrium temperature range is increased by approximately 100 K. The physical and structural properties of the manganese complexes are compared with the properties of the manganese protein associated with photosynthetic water oxidation.Recent interest in the development of photocatalysts for water oxidation has been primarily directed at oxides of platinum group metals in heterogeneous systems2 and ruthenium-bipyridine complexes in homogeneous media.3 It is somewhat surprising
Background English policy argues that people with intellectual disabilities should be supported in their local communities. There is considerable evidence that this aspiration is not being achieved. This paper seeks to look at the subsection of people with intellectual disabilities who have expensive care needs because of challenging behaviour, to identify the decision-making processes that have led to current service provision and expenditure and to suggest improvements. Materials and Methods We carried out a survey within five North London boroughs to investigate the characteristics of a cohort of people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour in high-cost accommodation (over £70 000 ⁄ annum). Postal questionnaires and face-to-face interviews were conducted with stakeholders with intellectual disabilities and patterns of current costs were estimated from existing data provided by the commissioning authorities in the five boroughs. Results Two hundred and five individuals with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour were identified. They were accommodated in placements provided by 97 separate providers, both in and out-of-area. Those more likely to be placed out-of-area were younger, had multiple health problems, significant challenging behaviour and mental health problems including autistic spectrum disorders. The local community intellectual disabilities teams identified a number of difficulties in meeting the needs of those service users. Conclusions Expenditure on all placements for service users with intellectual disabilities is significant. There is a notable lack of investment in local service development. A coherent approach is required, often across service boundaries. The authors suggest a model for targeted investment aimed at supporting effective local services, and reducing the need for and expense of out-of-area placements.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.