The aim of this study was to identify maize haploid plants and compare the efficiency of identification of maize haploid plants using the R1-nj morphological marker, plant vigor, flow cytometry, chromosome counting, and microsatellite molecular markers under tropical conditions. We also established a protocol for chromosome duplication in maize haploid plants. Fourteen
The objectives of this study were to identify which method and period of evaluation of angular leaf spot (ALS) of common bean, caused by the fungal pathogen Pseudocercospora griseola, allow better discrimination among common bean lines derived from seven cycles of recurrent selection for resistance to this pathogen. For that reason, 35 lines of the first seven cycles of the programme were assessed for disease severity on leaves and pods using a rating scale. For leaves, the methods used were severity in field plots (SF), severity in sampled leaflets (SS) and percentage of the sampled leaf area with symptoms (%LAS). Leaf assessments were performed at 7, 14, 21, 28, 33 and 41 days after flowering (DAF), and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated. On pods, severity was evaluated at 41 DAF. It was observed that the SF using a rating scale is the most efficient method for selection of resistant lines, and the best time period for evaluating the disease is around 33 DAF.
The goal of this study was to verify the influence of the population effect in the estimates of genetic and phenotypic components and to identify the best soybean progeny or lines in a commercial soybean breeding programme. We evaluated 292 populations for grain yield and absolute maturity during three agricultural years. To quantify the efficiency of the inclusion of the population's effect in the model, we estimated genetic gain with the selection, the Spearman's correlation, the coincidence index, the realized gain and correlated response of selected genotypes with and without the effect of the population. It was found that the variance components, heritability and coefficient of experimental variation were better estimated when the effect of the population was included, providing greater gain with selection for grain yield and absolute maturity. Coincidence and ranking among the selected progeny with and without the effect of the population are of greater magnitude in more advanced inbreeding generations and at higher percentage of selected progeny. The use of the population effect has greater importance in earlier generations of inbreeding.
RESUMO -This study aimed to determine parameter estimates of compensation of common bean lines and verify if the stability of a mixture of lines is higher than of the line components. Six common bean lines were evaluated, pairwise, in equal proportions. The experiments were conducted in 11 environments, where the trait seed yield was evaluated (grams per plot). The positive c i estimate (compensation ability of line i) of cultivar Talismã was highest, indicating the line for mixtures. The combination of the pair Carioca and MA-II-16, with the highest positive s ij estimate (specific compensation ability for the pair of lines i and j), was satisfactory. It was observed that the mean contribution of mixtures to the interaction was in the mean
The objective of this study was to compare the selection of plants bred by different pedigree methods using selection among, among and within and only within families. The haploid induction rate of 14 S 0:1 and seven S 2:3 families, all crossed with the single-cross hybrid GNZ9501, was evaluated. An experimental area of the Department of Biology of the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), in Lavras, Minas Gerais, in the growing seasons 2012/2013 and 2014/2015, was used for the experiments. In each growing season, one experiment per was carried out, arranged in a complete randomized design, with one and two replications, respectively. Haploid induction was most effective in the families 2 and 6 in both growing seasons. Selection among and within families resulted in higher genetic gains for haploid induction. The results indicated a high genetic variability for haploid induction rate in plants within families.
ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to use multivariate methods and Pearson and partial correlations to disregard phenotypic characteristics that contribute little to differentiation between Brachiaria ruziziensis genotypes. Eighty-one genotypes of B. ruziziensis were assessed in completely randomized blocks with three replications. Ten phenotypic characteristics were assessed: plant height, leaf length, leaf width, sheath length, length of the flower stem, length of the inflorescence axis, number of racemes per inflorescence, length of the basal raceme, number of spikelets per basal raceme, and width of the rachis. The best traits for differentiation between genotypes were determined by assessing relative contribution to diversity, canonical variables, as well as Pearson and partial correlations. Four canonical variables were found to account for 57% of the overall variation, while plant height, sheath length, and number of racemes per inflorescence were considered traits that could potentially be disregarded in future assessments.
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