The idea of religious freedom was one of the hallmarks of early nineteenth-century America, but it was not truly universal. Despite denominational differences, mainstream white evangelical Protestants formed a body of unified believers that defined “true” American religion. The Burned Over District of central New York would give birth to two religious movements, Mormonism and Millerism, that challenged the position of evangelical religion in the spiritual consciousness of the nation. The Latter-day Saints (Mormons) and the followers of William Miller’s end time prophecy were inspired by, but moved outside the boundaries of, established evangelical theology and practice. In reacting to these movements, evangelical denominations went beyond cooperation to try to forge a unified congregation of believers. In the face of religious movements that posed real challenges to their prominent position, mainstream evangelical denominations like Methodists, Baptists, and Presbyterians responded in strikingly similar ways, belying the notion of religious plurality.
Discovery of the Madimba heavy mineral sand deposit, located in Mtwara Region of southern Tanzania, resulted from reconnaissance surface sampling and subsequent follow-up drilling of anomalies >3% total heavy mineral. Two discrete zones of mineralisation have been defined within a host of low to moderate slime sand, known as the Madimba and Madimba East zones, with a long axis up to 3 km and width up to 1.5 km. Limited drilling to date has identified mineralisation from surface to 8 m below surface with grades up 12.36% total heavy mineral. Within the total heavy mineral concentrate, the average valuable heavy mineral content has a range 72-88% for the two zones. Although ilmenite species dominate the valuable mineral assemblage, very high zircon plus rutile components, up to 16% in the total heavy mineral, have been identified. Semi-quantitative chemical analyses of ilmenite and altered ilmenite mineral grains show average TiO 2 ranges 50-52% and about 59%, respectively, for both zones. Based on the significant valuable mineral component, good ilmenite composition and proximity to port infrastructure, the Madimba deposits have significant economic potential and could theoretically produce high quality pigment feedstock.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.