Seasonality is general characteristic of tourism. As tourism contributes to economic growth and development, seasonality is noted as one of the most influencing factors for limiting continuous development. Thus, the article empirically tests the presence of tourism seasonality for the central level by exploring Macedonia, and the local level, by elaborating Ohrid (the most famous summer tourist spot) and Skopje (the capital). The statistical methodology covers computation of standard indicators, such as the Gini index (G), the Seasonality Indicator (SI) and the Coefficient of Variation (CV). The study found no significant seasonal concentration in tourism in Macedonia, a presence of strong and powerful seasonality for Ohrid, and no seasonality for Skopje. As a consequence, the paper recommends design of specific tailor-made products and urges tourism key players to focus on policies and strategies for modifying tourism seasonality.
Tourism is the world's largest industry and makes a major contribution to the economies of most developed and developing countries. Tourism generates income from consumption of goods and services by tourists as well as taxes on businesses in the tourism industry, provides employment in services related to tourism, but also creates jobs in the tertiary sector; also, tourism generates growth of primary and secondary sectors of the industry as a result of multiplicative effects of tourism spending. Since tourism sector is labor absorbing sector, it is relatively more effective in creating jobs than other sectors. Tourists expenditure provides direct or indirect employment opportunities in this sector. On the other hand, the data shows that Macedonian enterprises are micro, small or medium-sized. The aim of this paper is to point out the tourism and small and medium-sized enterprises impact on employment in the Republic of Macedonia and in Municipality of Ohrid. For this purpose, in the paper will be used the method of linear regression, the correlation coefficient and the coefficient of determination to determine the strength and the direction of the relationship between the tourist arrivals and the employees in the SMEs.
SMEs are the engine of the national economy playing a very important role in the overall development of each country.These enterprises are also known as foundation enterprises. Compared to a large enterprises, SMEs employ more workers per unit of capital, contribute to total savings and equal income distribution in the economy, have formidable impact on regional economic development, serve as "training platform" for upgrading and developing the skills of industrial workers and entrepreneurs, contribute significantly to forward and backward linkages andfinally play an important complementary role to large firms in the economically diverse sectors.SMEs especially play a crucial role in the field of tourism.
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