Objectives: Capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry urinary proteome analysis for prostate cancer has been shown to be highly accurate in the detection of prostate cancer. The aim of the present study was to report our experience with routine application of this test in clinical practice and its cost-effectiveness. Methods:The urinary proteome analysis for prostate cancer test was carried out in 211 patients in outpatient centers. In 184 of them, data about their follow up and the test results were available for analysis. Prostate cancer was detected in 49 cases. Results:The test correctly recognized 42 out of 49 tumor patients, showing a sensitivity of 86% (95% confidence interval 73-94). Of 135 prostate cancer-negative patients, 79 had a negative urinary proteome analysis for prostate cancer test (specificity 59% [79/135 95% confidence interval 50-66]). Negative and positive predictive values were 92% (95% confidence interval 84-96) and 43% (95% confidence interval 33-53), respectively. A statistically significant (P < 0.0005) improvement in terms of diagnostic accuracy was observed in comparison with serum prostate-specific antigen and percent-free prostate-specific antigen. Whereas the urinary proteome analysis for prostate cancer test results agreed in 65.7% with follow-up reference results, prostate-specific antigen achieved 33.3% and percent-free prostate-specific antigen achieved 42.7%. Costeffectiveness analysis showed that the urinary proteome analysis for prostate cancer strategy outperformed the biopsy approach as well as prostate-specific antigen tests. Conclusions: The non-invasive urinary proteome analysis for prostate cancer test appears to be a helpful addition to prostate cancer diagnostics for patients with suspicious prostate-specific antigen and/or digital-rectal examination.

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Cold extrusion is a technology which offers a number of advantages when compared to other manufacturing technologies. High mechanical properties of extruded component, short production time as well as significant cost effectiveness which can be achieved by implementation of this technology are the main characteristics of cold extrusion process. In order to design the complete extrusion process in optimal way it is crucial to know the main process parameters such as load, die pressure, stress and strain distribution within deformation zone etc. There is a number of methods for the analysis of cold extrusion processes. Current paper gives the insight into the possibilities of process analysis in three different cases of cold extrusion. Radial extrusion of gear like elements has been analyzed theoretically (Upper Bound method), numerically by FE simulation and experimentally. Die stressing has been measured by special device (pin load cell) in the process of forward extrusion. Third analyzed process was backward extrusion with profiled punch. In this process loading characteristics as well as some of the mechanical properties of extruded component were obtained experimentally.

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