Background:Identifying caries predictors in the subpopulation at risk is one of the preconditions for developing effective caries prevention measures. The present exploratory study aimed to examine the significance of socio-demographic characteristics, dietary-hygiene habits, salivary pH, and salivary antimicrobial HNP-1, hBD-2, and LL-37 peptides as potential caries risk predictors in children ages 11-13 years. Material/Methods:This prospective 1-year study enrolled 213 children ages 11-13 years. The subjects underwent a dental examination and their mothers were interviewed. Unstimulated saliva was collected from the subjects to determine its pH value, as well as the salivary levels of HNP-1, hBD-2, and LL-37 peptides in 85 of the subjects. After 12 months, the 1-year caries incidence rate was recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the ability of selected variables to predict caries risk. Results:The univariable logistic regression analysis determined that the most significant independent caries risk predictors were: sex (female) (OR=2.132, p=0.007), mothers' education (OR=1.986, p=0.020), salivary pH (OR=0.270, p=0.043), oral hygiene index (OR=1.886, p=0.015), and daily tooth brushing frequency (OR=0.565, p=0.042).The multivariable model showed that sex and oral hygiene-related variables were the most important caries predictors. Conclusions:Salivary HNP-1, hBD-2, and LL-37 peptides were not found to have a significant predictive value. Therefore, socio-demographic and oral hygiene variables remain important caries predictors in early adolescents, suggesting the importance of the mechanical control of biofilm as the key measure for preventing caries. However, there is still a need for effective caries risk biomarkers, and additional research is needed in this area of caries risk prediction.
Dental injuries in preschool children most frequently resulted from fall at home. Schoolchildren most frequently injured teeth outdoor during play. Violence and sport injuries were most frequent cause of injury in adolescents.
SažetakZarastanje rane je složeni proces koji uključuje hemostazu, inflamaciju, proliferaciju i remodelaciju tkiva. Faktori rasta su prirodni biološki posrednici koji regulišu najznačajnije ćelijske procese uključene u regeneraciju tkiva, kao što su DNA sinteza, angiogeneza, metabolička aktivnost, migracija, hemotaksa, proliferacija, diferencijacija UvodZarastanje rane je složeni proces koji uključuje hemostazu, inflamaciju, proliferaciju i remodelaciju tkiva. U procesu zarastanja rane učestvuju različiti tipovi ćelija, složena signalizaca događaja i brojni faktori rasta.Faktori rasta su prirodni biološki posrednici koji regulišu najznačajnije ćelijske procese uključene u regeneraciju tkiva, kao što su DNA sinteza, angiogeneza, metabolička aktivnost, migracija, hemotaksa, proliferacija, diferencijacija i sinteza matriksa. Faktori rasta su ćelijski specifični, što znači da svaki faktor deluje na određenu vrstu ćelija 1 . Najznačajniji faktori rasta koji učestvuju u zarastanju ekstrakcione rane i regeneraciji koštanog tkiva su: 1. trombocitni faktor rasta -PDGF; 2. transformacioni faktor rasta -TGF β superfamilija; 3. insulinu sličan faktor rasta -IGF; 4. koštani morfogenetski proteini -BMP -2, BMP -7 ; 5. vaskularni endotelijalni faktor rasta -VEGF; 6. fibroblastni faktor rasta -FGF;Polipeptidni faktori rasta ispoljavaju svoje dejstvo vezujući se za target ćelije preko svojih aktivnih krajeva "dimera" za tirozinkinazu, transmembranski receptor na površini ćelijske membrane 2 . Aktivirani T-K transmembranski receptor pokreće energetsku aktivnost ćelije podizanjem intracelularne koncentracije cirkularnog adenozin-monofosfata i dovodi do oslobađanja intracitoplazmatičnih proteina prenosioca signala. Oslobođeni od transmembranskih receptora tirozin-kinaze, proteini prenosioci signala odlaze do nukleusa, gde otključavaju specifičnu genetsku sekvencu za kontrolu ćelijske funkcije i indukciju ekspresije normalne genetske aktivnosti.Povreda tkiva praćena je inflamatornim odgovorom, aktiviranjem komplemenata i oštećenjem krvnih sudova koje uzrokuje krvaranje. Posle povrede tkiva, pokreće se kaskadni proces koagulacije krvi koji vodi u formiranje fibrinske mreže kao osnove za nakupljanje uobličenih krvnih elemenata. Na mestu povrede tkiva dolazi do adhezije i agregacije trombocita, a njihovom degranulacijom oslobađaju se mnogobrojni glikoproteini i faktori rasta kao što su faktor rasta poreklom iz trombocita (PDGF), epidermalni faktor rasta (EGF), transformišući faktor rasta beta (TGF-β), vaskularni endotelijalni faktor rasta (VEGF) i bazni fibroblastni faktor rasta (bFGF) 3,4 . Мnoštvo faktora rasta oslobođenih tokom hemostaze ima različite uloge, uključujući
SažetakUvod:Tretman bolesnika koji boluju od raka, u smislu hemoterapije i radioterapije, značajno je evoluirao od svog začetka. Obe terapije, naročito ako se koriste u kombinaciji, imaju veoma ozbiljan potencijal da dovedu do neželjenih efekata, koji narušavaju kvalitet života i potencijalno povećavaju mortalitet bolesnika obolelih od raka. Cilj rada:U ovom radu opisan je uticaj radioterapije i hemoterapije na oralna tkiva. Oralne komplikacije koje se posledično javljaju mogu se svrstati u sledeće kategorije: mukozsitis, kserostomija, gljivične, virusne i bakterijske infekcije, disgeuzija, disfagija, profuzno krvarenje, osteonekroza i mišićni trizmus. Zaključak:Budući da je potreban širok spektar preventivnih i kurativnih mera, pojavljuje se potreba za sastavljanjem posebnih timova za brigu o bolesnicima pre, tokom i nakon radioterapije i hemoterapije. Takav onkološki tim trebalo bi imati doktora stomatologije, specijalistu oralne medicine kao aktivnog člana. AbstractIntroduction: Cancer treatment, in terms of chemotherapy and radiotherapy has evolved significantly from its beginning. Both therapies, especially used in combination, had the potential to cause side effects, that potentially decrease in quality of life and lead to increased mortality rate in patients with cancer. The aim:of the study: The effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy were described. The oral complications which consequently occurred could be classified into following categories: mucositis, oral dryness, fungal, viral and bacterial infections, disgeusia, disfagio, profuse bleeding, osteonecrosis and muscle trismus. Conclusion: Because of the wide range of preventive and curative measures, it is necessary to create a special team for caring of patients before, during and after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In such case, dentist, oral medicine specialists should be an active member of oncology team.
SažetakUvod: Poremećaji autističnog spektra (ASD)
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