The world's perennial need for energy and microelectronic miniaturization brings with it a broad set of technological and scientific challenges. Materials characterized by precise microstructural architectures based on fractal analysis and ranging in size down to nano scale represent an important avenue for finding novel solutions. Deep materials structure hierarchies of this type open new possibilities in capacity according to the Heywang model, especially when extended by a fractals approach and intergranular relationships supported and recognized by their fractal nature. These developments are opening new frontiers in microelectronics miniaturization. They build on early fractal applications that were used as tools in miniaturization research and also provided application perspectives for diverse energy technologies. In other words, fractals, as a crucial concept of modern theoreticalexperimental physics and materials sciences, are tightly linked to higher integration processes and microelectronics miniaturization. They also hold potential for meeting the energy exploitation challenge. In this research context, for the first time we characteristics -for example, fractal dimensions and final properties of nextgeneration fractal microelectronics.
This research is focused on further developing of application and use of graph theory in order to describe relations between grains and to establish control over layers. We used functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles coated with Yttrium-based salt. The capacitance change results on super-microstructure levels are the part of the measured values on the bulk samples. The new idea is graph theory application for determination of electronic parameters distribution at the grain boundary and to compare them with the bulk measured values. We present them with vertices in graph, corresponding with grains, connected with edges. Capacitance change with applied voltage was measured on samples sintered in air and nitrogen, up to 100 V. Using graph theory, it has been shown that capacitance change can be successfully calculated on the layers between grains. Within the idea how to get parameters values at microlevel between the grains and pores, mathematical tool can be developed. Besides previously described 1D case, some original calculations for 2D cases were performed in this study, proving successful graph theory use for the calculation of values at nanolevel, leading to a further minituarization in micropackaging.
This research is based on the idea to design the interface structure around the grains and thin layers between two grains, as a possible solution for deep microelectronic parameters integrations. The experiments have been based on nano-BaTiO3 powders with Y-based additive. The advanced idea is to create the new observed directions to network microelectronic characteristics in thin films coated around and between the grains on the way to get and compare with global results on the samples. Biomimetic similarities are artificial neural networks which could be original method and tools that we use to map input–output data and could be applied on ceramics microelectronic parameters. This mapping is developed in the manner like signals that are processed in real biological neural networks. These signals are processed by using artificial neurons, which have a simple function to process input signal, as well as adjustable parameter which represents sensitivity to inputs. The integrated network output presents practically the large number of inner neurons outputs sum. This original idea is to connect analysis results and neural networks. It is of the great importance to connect microcapacitances by neural network with the goal to compare the experimental results in the bulk samples measurements and microelectronics parameters. The result of these researches is the study of functional relation definition between consolidation parameters, voltage (U), consolidation sintering temperature and relative capacitance change, from the bulk sample surface down to the coating thin films around the grains.
After pioneering attempts for the introduction of graph theory in the field of ceramics and microstructures, where 1D and 2D graphs were used, in this paper we applied 3D graphs for the breakdown voltage calculation in BaTiO3 sample with some predefined constraints. We have described the relations between grains in the sample and established a mathematical approach for the calculation of breakdown voltage using experimental results. As a result, we introduced mapping between the property of sample and grain structure, then between the grain structure and mathematical graph, using various crystal structures. The main idea was to apply 3D graph theory for the distribution of electronic parameters between the neighboring grains. With this study, we successfully confirmed the possibilities for applications of graphs as a tool for the determination of properties even at the intergranular level.
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