The research of traditional rural architecture in developing regions is important to both the preservation of cultural heritage and the mitigation of the trends and consequences of unsustainable rural shifts. In the Western Balkans, for example, negative transformation of the rural environment happens more rapidly than the recording of its traditional built assets. For that reason, the objectives of the present research were to explore general and specific (sustainability-related) characteristics of traditional rural houses in the so far insufficiently studied microregion of the Western Balkans of Sirinićka Župa (Sirinić), to reveal their values and to initiate discussion of the role of heritage regeneration in sustainable rural development. Study has shown that the most significant values of Sirinić houses include opulent spatial-functional typology, distinct architectural expression, and sustainability-related quality in terms of applied materials, structural systems, and multipurpose techniques and elements, as well as a high level of spatial comfort. A necessary regeneration of the traditional houses of Sirinićka Župa must be formulated in a way that enables preservation of recognized general values and further improvement of environmental quality and climate resilience. Simultaneously, functional reactivation of traditional houses should be understood as a contribution to the sustainable development of Sirinićka Župa.Sustainability 2019, 11, 4711 2 of 16 either the abovementioned rural decline, despite their natural potential, or the development process that changes attitudes towards cultural traditions, especially in terms of residential architecture.Generally, traditional rural houses illustrate a diversity of living cultures and practices, building methods, and architectural styles, but, in the Western Balkans, they are insufficiently explored and mainly unprotected structures that await evaluation, recognition and treatment as heritage. Therefore, recording and research of traditional rural houses represent an important need of this region. Additionally, adoption and efficient implementation of heritage strategies could be relevant for landscape protection and conservation [8], as well as overall rural development. Based on presented facts, this research attempts in the first instance to expand understanding of material heritage in the rural Western Balkans by revealing values of the less-known traditional houses. A narrow rural territory of the south part of the Western Balkans, characterized by exceptional natural values and a remarkable collection of traditional houses, namely, the area of Sirinićka Župa in the Šar Mountains (Sirinić in commonly used abbreviated form), has been selected as the case area.The concept of sustainability encompasses different spatial levels and domains of human activity. In the architectural sphere, the notion of sustainability mainly refers to the environmental quality of buildings [9]. Studies of traditional architecture at regional and local levels generate knowledge [1...
The pandemic of the COVID-19 disease has radically changed human lifestyle and the usage of living space, especially in cities. With the prolongation of the crisis, the effects of COVID-19 on urban spaces are becoming more noticeable, but the definite changes that can inform approaches to future development, planning, and use of urban space have not yet been determined, as evidenced by the research carried out in this study. The research revealed that there exists the consensus in terms of several new guidelines whose application in design can simultaneously increase the resilience of urban environment to future pandemics and improve the overall quality of city life. These presented guidelines show that we may expect in the future a greater integration of nature-based solutions at various scales of the city, i.e., better ventilated, and naturally lit, more spacious, mixed-use, and flexible buildings surrounded by enlarged, multiplied, and multifunctional open spaces that safely receive the users who are carrying out those activities that were moved from the inner to the outer space.
Design studio, workshop, practical placement and design-build concept, are all forms of experiential learning. The aim of this paper is to investigate the significance of design-build concept and to define the extent to which it has penetrated into architectural curricula. Results indicate variety in understanding, programming and implementation among different schools. Conducted comparative analysis of different case examples could be used as a guideline to schools in which this concept has not been introduced yet.
This paper elaborated on a variety of reasons for the use of biological principles in building context over time. A particular accent was placed on position of biological systems within the contemporary concepts of sustainability, circularity, resilience, and regeneration. Existing design barriers were identified and discussed, and the currently available ways to overcome them were outlined. Conclusively, several general steps towards a more comprehensive future application of biological principles in building design were suggested.
Following student protests in 1968, the reform of universities began in Yugoslavia. The idea of the humanization of architectural profession and the reform of Belgrade Faculty of Architecture towards the environmental studies was launched. The article examines the impact of the New School on the humanization of the architectural profession as part of a general movement to humanize the society of the sixties, as well as the significant role of Bogdan Bogdanovic in the realisation of such an endeavour. First steps towards creating a New School could be foreseen in Bogdan Bogdanovic's text Arhitektura je nauka (The Architecture is a Science) in 1969, which suggests the introduction of the humanistic disciplines in architectural education as well as in the analytical texts of Professor Branislav Milenkovic ?O nastavi na arhitekstonskom fakultetu? (About Teaching at the Faculty of Architecture, 1945-1968) and assistant lecturer Ranko Radovic ?Ucenje neimarstva? published in the magazine Arhitektura-urbanizam (Architecture-Town Planning) No.52 in 1968. During his stay in America, Bogdanovic gained some experience visiting multidisciplinary schools of environmental design. Analyzing the school curriculum and current trends in the education of architects, he set the basis for the application of environmental design. The reform was carried out transparently with equal participation of students, teachers and former students of the Faculty of Architecture. The team for the creation of the New School, led by Bogdan Bogdanovic, after each meeting published announcements that contained conclusions on the implementation of reforms. These announcements and processed materials represented the content basis of the New School of architecture.
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