Laser cutting is one of the processes used as an alternative to conventional machinery that has goodcutting qualities and minimizes product damage. The workings of laser cutting is to direct the output of high laser power on the material to be cut, the material then melts, burns, evaporates by gas, and produces edges with a good quality surface. This study aims to determine the effect of laser head distance from the laser cutting machine on the spot diameter produced on the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) material. This study used a laser machine with 60 watts of power and variation of laser head distance with an interval of 1 mm at a distance of 1-28 mm. Spot diameter value was gained measurement from using stereo zoom microscope with 30 X magnification and mapping. The result shows that the spot diameter was 0,229 - 0,990 mm. The factors that affect the value of spot diameter is the laser power used and laser head distance from the material.
High hardness and wear resistance of bucket tooth are required in the face of abrasion and impact. High manganese steel is hard and ductile, making it more suitable for bucket tooth materials. Bucket tooth can wear out and need to be returned to their original size, so that bucket tooth that have been eroded must be coated with a hard material, using a hard facing process. In this study, the hard facing process was carried out in bucket tooth containing 10.4%, 11.60%, 12.70%, 13.60%, and 14.60% men (manganese) elements, using hard facing electrodes of the AWS A5.13 (JIS Z 3251). Hard facing process was using SMAW welding with an average heat input of 1087.43 J/mm. The hard facing process shown that the hardness of weld metal was always lower than of HAZ (Heat Affected Zone) and base metal. The hardness of the weld metal was almost the same for all types of the bucket tooth, which was about 233.478 HVN.
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