wake of 11.7 ± 4.9, and SOL of 11.5 ± 14.5 min. After adjusting for age, sex, race, education, and intracranial volume, each SD increase in WBL was associated with a 3.52 unit increase in ventricular volume (B = 3.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80, 6.24, p = 0.012). In addition, each SD increase in % wake was associated with a 0.091 unit decrease in hippocampal volume (B = -0.091, 95% CI -0.18, -0.002, p = 0.045). There were no associations between TST or SOL and brain volumes. Conclusion: Greater objectively measured wakefulness is associated with indices of brain atrophy in community-dwelling older adults. Longitudinal research using actigraphy and neuroimaging is needed to better understand whether sleep has a role in the prevention of neurodegeneration. Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD Introduction: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and napping are related and both have been linked to poor cognitive outcomes. However, little is known about their association with Alzheimer's disease pathology. We determined the association of EDS and napping with β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: We studied 124 participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (mean age ±SD = 60.1 years ±9.8; education = 16.7 ± 2.2 years; 50.8% women; 21.8% non-White) with measures of EDS and/or napping who completed Pittsburgh Compound B positron emission tomography 15.7 ± 3.4 years later. Participants reported whether they often become drowsy and fall asleep when they want to be awake and frequency of napping. Those responding "yes" to the former were considered to have EDS, and those napping more than "never" were considered nappers. PET cortical distribution volume ratios >1.06 were considered Aβ-positive (Aβ+). Results: Of the 124 participants, 30 (24.4%) reported EDS, 35 (28.5%) reported napping, and 43 (34.7%) were Aβ+. In unadjusted analyses, participants with EDS had over three times the odds of being Aβ+ (odds ratio (OR) = 3.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44, 7.90, p = 0.005), compared to those without. This remained significant after adjustment for age, body mass index, and education (OR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.03, 6.45, p = 0.043). Nappers had twice the odds of being Aβ+, but this did not reach significance in unadjusted (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 0.90, 4.50, p = 0.091) or adjusted (OR = 1.84, 95% CI 0.76, 4.47, p = 0.18) analyses. Conclusion: EDS is associated with an increased odds of amyloid deposition more than a decade later. Prospective studies with polysomnography and repeated measures of Aβ will clarify whether sleep-disordered breathing or another factor drives this association, or if EDS is a marker of preclinical Alzheimer's disease. VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA Introduction: There is accruing evidence that circadian rhythms are disrupted in Parkinson's disease (PD). Because circadian function is associated with cognition in the general population, we hypothesized that circadian disruption is a mechanism for cognitive impairment in PD. Methods: We used no...
Supplement, 2017 TBI+PTSD, or Neither. Sleep was staged by two individuals blinded to group according to AASM criteria. EMG tone was classified as low (50% below median EMG tone), medium (50 to 80%) or high (EMG values 80% and above) and analyzed within each sleep stage. Group and individual differences were analyzed using chi-square and oneway ANOVA. Results: A surprisingly high number of Veterans self-reported a high rate of dream enactment and nightmares: 37% TBI, 63% PTSD, 76% TBI+PTSD, 27% controls for dream enactment (p<0.001; X 2 =57.9), and 26% TBI, 78% PTSD, 81% TBI+PTSD, 14% controls for nightmares (p<0.001; X 2 =247). The percentage of epochs classified with high EMG tone during REM sleep was 3.0% in TBI, 5.6% in PTSD, 7.8% in TBI+PTSD, and 4.2% in controls (p=0.049; F (3,284) Introduction:Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has been associated with disruptions in sleep, limbic function, and increases in symptoms related to anxiety as a consequence of the injury. Evidence suggests that there is a relationship between improvements in neurobehavioral impairments and more regulated sleep architecture, but this relationship is not well understood. We hypothesized that among patients recovering from an mTBI, daily morning blue light therapy (BLT) would yield improvement in brain function, as evidenced by greater post-treatment functional connectivity between the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and amygdala, and this would be associated with improvements in sleep and anxiety. Methods: Twenty-six adults (12 male; M age: 21.6 ± 3.9) with self-reported sleep disturbances subsequent to a documented mTBI within the preceding 18 months were recruited to receive either BLT or a placebo amber light therapy (ALT) for 30-minutes each morning over a six-week period. Participants underwent a six-minute resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan at 3T and completed neurocognitive testing at baseline and again at the conclusion of treatment. Regions of interest were placed in the amygdala (bilateral) and MPFC. Functional connectivity was analyzed utilizing the CONN toolbox with SPM12, p<.05, FDR corrected. Results: BLT was associated with significant increases in functional connectivity between the left amygdala and MPFC, whereas no change was observed for ALT. The increase in connectivity for BLT was associated with significant decreases in sleep onset latency, state anxiety, and perceived invincibility from baseline to post treatment. Conclusion: A six-week period of BLT produced improvements in sleep onset latency and anxiety that were associated with increased functional connectivity between the left amygdala and MPFC. BLT may provide an effective method for regulating the sleep wake cycle and improving cognition and emotion among individuals recovering from mTBI. Better sleep may serve to strengthen mPFC to amygdala connectivity, thereby improving emotional functioning. Introduction: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can lead to alterations in sleep, circadian function, and cogni...
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