Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the metabolizing enzyme of acetylcholine is evolving as the most important therapeutic target for development of cognitive enhancers. However, AChE activity in brain has not been properly evaluated on the basis of sex. In the present study, AChE expression was investigated in different brain areas of cerebrum and cerebellum in male and female Rattus norvegicus. On comparing male and female genders, increased AChE activity was seen in cerebrum and cerebellum of female Rattus norvegicus. However, no significant change in AChE activity was found between cerebrum and cerebellum within the same male and female. Thus it appears that sex alters AChE activity in different brain regions (G4 isoform) that may vary in male and female. Sequence analysis revealed that highest divergence was found in between male cerebrum and female cerebrum (11.9) and least divergence was found in between male cerebellum and female cerebellum (6.4) with control AChE NM_EF534897
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