The veterinarian orthopedic surgeon is often faced to the loss of bone substance in diaphyseal region of long bones. Our study is based on a biological approach to the filling of segmental bone loss by implanting an autoclaved orthotopic allograft of one centimeter length covered and uncovered with propolis in the femoral diaphysis under general anesthesia and sterile condition. The experiment involved eight adult dogs, from local breed and different sex; split into two groups. An autoclaved allograft without propolis was implanted for the first animals group (control group ) then the same graft has been implanted to the second animals group. The aim of our study is to determine the osteoinductive and osteoconductive allograft covered with propolis, to follow clinically and radiologically the incorporation of the autoclaved graft.The results showed that the use of a graft covered with propolis accelerated the osteoinductive and osteoconductive process, this is reflected by an early passage of the callus . The use of a thin layer of propolis on a autoclaved allograft, stimulated peripheral and spinal osteoinduction, and accelerated osseointegration at both proximal and distal interfaces, this phenomenon can be controlled depending on the amount used of propolis on the graft.
As a delicate discipline, orthopedic surgery requires a mastery of the Topographic anatomy in order to get a quick access to the bone structure with the least risk and non-altering the vascular and nerve structures. Actually, 3D modeling offers a good representation of anatomical structures with a perfect transparency. The animal's organs can be reconstructed in 3D anatomical forms from the anatomical 2D charts, or rebuilt from radiological imaging with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT) and ultrasound 3D.
Femur is the most commonly fractured bone in dogs. This work is interested in the technical aspects of ostheosythesis with intramedullary pinning, and a quality of functional and bone healing results. Our experimentation involved the use of four healthy male dogs, by causing a transverse osteotomy in the mid shapt of in the left femur, with clinical and radiological follow established. Our results show that the intramedullary pinning is the most secure method and gives fewer complications with second bone consolidation. At the end of our study, we have concluded that using intramedullary pins is safe, economical and successful treatment method if basic principles of repair are used.
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