A central issue for the Algerian city, in the dry environment, is awareness of the establishment and preservation of particular green spaces within the framework of sustainability. The overall goal of this study is to concentrate on the issues of green space provision in the city of Boussaada. Boussaada is a complex and fragile city with a rich history, archeological and natural diversity, and is under tremendous anthropogenic stress. The city of Boussaada has long had issues with the availability of green areas, a situation that is attributed, among other things, to a flawed urban design that places a premium on the environment. We attempted to define the quantity of green spaces in the city and quantify their richness through this study. The qualitative and quantitative study was carried out with the help of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and qualitative analysis and more specifically the species of trees in the new town of Boussaada.

Water and green spaces have an existential, sometimes conflicting, relationship with urban sprawl, especially in regions with arid climates. Both are important elements of the urban composition that provide psychological and sanitary comfort and are economically, socially, and ecologically necessary for the population. By green space, we mean fruit trees and the cultivation of cereals and vegetables, which represent the main economic resource for the majority of the population of the city of M'sila. Our research aims to highlight the impact of the drop-in water from the Ksob dam. The only source of irrigation for climatic and management reasons, on the degradation of green spaces and their transformation into bare land without economic value, then into nurseries for urban planning. The consequences of the directives of the urban planning master plan (PUD 1976) are certainly catastrophic; water, demography, urban planning, and the future of the agro-pastoral vocation and green spaces of the city of M'sila. The data available and the technique used allowed us to include the period from 2017 to 2021. The numerical data shows the upward curve of urban expansion from 3,401.67 hectares to 3,969.28 hectares, the reduction of green spaces from 7,732.68 hectares to 3,802.77 hectares in just five years. There is similar trend for water which is reduced from 30 million m3 in 1972 to 3 million m3 in 2021, ten times less in 40 years. These figures reflect the seriousness of situation.

Citizen and inhabitant participation in public interests has taken its importance over the last two centuries in Europe and the United States, and by the end of the 20th century, it had become central to debates around the issue of urban governance, social and urban development projects in particular. In recent decades, many countries have increasingly organizing collaborative governance, participatory budgeting and other models in which citizens can intervene more directly. It is emphasized that Algerian cities experienced a massive rural exodus during the 1990s for several reasons: insecurity, urban disparities and the attractiveness of services. This research studies the impact of citizen participation in programmers to reduce precarious habitat in the precarious neighborhood of Sidi Slimane in Boussaâda, a medium-sized city in the Algerian high plains. Since the end of the 1990s, this precarious neighborhood has undergone several operations aimed at improving its living environment, including the programme to reduce precarious habitat (PHR). The World Bank finances the latter in 2000, followed by a national programme of the same kind during the two decades that followed. Several modes, media and actors, essentially define citizen participation in these programmes: individuals, citizen entities, organizations and local authorities. In the field, it has been noted that each menu operation (rehousing, preservation, completion), is an experience conditioned by several dimensions (temporal, social, regulatory etc.). Therefore, the impact of citizen participation in these operations needs to be studied and arbitrated.