The aim of this study was to analyse sediments of the selected water reservoirs of Piargs group. Secondly, our purpose was to determine values of exchange reactions in soil of these sediments during the period from 2001 to 2010 and to evaluate environmental hazards caused by the selected potentially toxic elements affected by pH. Based on the results gained by analysis we aim to determine the correlation and statistical significance of dependencies of the analysed environmental parameters. Two different methods, the flow electrochemical method and the atomic absorption spectrometric method have been used to analyse the content of potentially toxic chemical elements in leachate. The analysis of leachate samples, in order to find out the values of exchange reactions in soil, was carried out by potentiometry. Ascertained values of exchange reactions in soil ranged from 5.6 to 7.2. According to the calculated indices of dependencies, the development of pH/KCl values can be evaluated as moderately dynamic. The calculated indices of the Spearman‘s correlation coefficient for exchange reactions in soil demonstrate statistically significant dependence, especially for zinc and cadmium.
The trial on an experimental basis of Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra during the growing seasons 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 under winter wheat was conducted. The object of this study was to determine the effects of different tillage systems on the dynamics of inorganic nitrogen forms. Three tillage systems were used: B1 conventional soil cultivation -medium depth ploughing (to 0.25 m); B2 shallow soil cultivation (to 0.20 m); B3 minimalization soil tillage -disk tillage (to 0.15 m). Within each treatment was used of NPK fertilization according to its content in soil + plough down of post harvest residues. Concentration of nitrate nitrogen (1.29 mg*kg -1 -29.68 mg*kg -1 ) and ammonium nitrogen (0.13 mg*kg -1 -14.34 mg*kg -1 ) had significant dynamics over the whole research period. The highest content of N in was in the autumn season (39.09 mg*kg -1 ), which provide sufficient nutrients for initial growth of the winter wheat. Tillage system had no statistically significant effect on dynamics of inorganic nitrogen in the soil. On the other hand, reduction of depth tillage has been associated with an increase content of inorganic nitrogen (B1 = 9.54 mg*kg -1 ; B2 = 9.89 mg*kg -1 ; B3 = 11.19 mg*kg -1 ). The results of experiment shown that dynamics of inorganic nitrogen was mainly influenced by the change of temperature and humidity parameters during the growing season. 1737 zameraná na stanovenie dynamiky anorganických foriem dusíka vplyvom rôznych spôsobov obrábania. V experimente boli použité tri spôsoby obrábania: B1 konvenčný spôsob obrábania -stredne hlboká orba (do 0,25 m); B2 plytká orba (do 0,20 m); B3 minimalizačný spôsob obrábania -tanierovanie (do 0,15 m). V každom spôsobe obrábania bolo použité NPK hnojenie na základe aktuálneho obsahu živín v pôde a so súčasným zapracovaním pozberových zvyškov predplodiny. Koncentrácie dusičnanového dusíka (1,29 mg*kg -1 -29,68 mg*kg -1 ) a amónneho dusíka (0,13 mg*kg -1 -14,34 mg*kg -1 ) mali výraznú dynamiku počas celého výskumného obdobia. Najvyššia koncentrácia N an bolo zistená v jesennom období (39,09 mg*kg -1 ), ktorá zabezpečuje dostatočné množstvo živín pre počiatočný rast pšenice letnej f. ozimnej. Spôsob obrábania nemal štatisticky preukazný vplyv na dynamiku anorganického dusíka v pôde, ale na druhej strane, pri zníženej hĺbke obrábania sa v pôde zvyšovala koncentrácia anorganického dusíka (B1 = 9,54 mg*kg -1 ; B2 = 9,89 mg*kg -1 ; B3 = 11,19 mg*kg -1 ). Z výsledkov experimentu môžeme skonštatovať, že dynamika anorganického dusíka je predovšetkým ovplyvňovaná teplotnými a vlhkostnými parametrami počas vegetačného obdobia. of Central European Agriculture, 2016, 17(2), p.522-532 DOI: 10.5513/JCEA01/17.2.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different tillage, fertilization, depth of soil sampling and date of sampling on dynamics of N in forms in a Haplic Luvisol under winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In the experiment three main tillage systems for winter wheat were used: B1 = conventional tillage (to 0.25 m); B2 = shallow tillage (to 0.20 m); B3 = minimization tillage (to 0.15 m). Three variants of the fertilization were used within each treatment: 0 = unfertilised control; PH = NPK fertilization; PZ = NPK fertilization + plough down of postharvest residues. The highest average concentration of inorganic nitrogen (28.68 mg kg -1 ) was found in autumn period. It was result of more favourable temperature and moisture conditions in the soil and also of poor uptake by plants. Based on our results, the highest concentration of N in was found under shallow tillage (14.07 mg kg ). On the basis of our results we can conclude that soil and climatic conditions were major factors that influenced concentration of N in in the soil.
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