The development of information technology has given a significant impetus and progress both for various industries and life, as well as for education. The national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation" provides for ensuring the introduction of digital technologies in the economy and social sphere, and is associated with the National Project "Education (2019-2024)", which includes the Federal Project "Digital Educational Environment" based on the introduction of the target model of modern digital technologies into educational programs. Innovative methods and forms of training create a strategy for the professional training of specialists, and computer visibility of the forms of the part gives an idea of the assembly technology, allows you to perform competent drawings. The purpose of the study is to analyze the methods of solving the problems of descriptive geometry and engineering graphics together with the use of methods of surface formation by geometric methods, as well as on the basis of basic CAD operations COMPASS-3D. In modern high school, in most cases, drawing is not studied, or only the most general concepts and definitions are studied. The existing course of school computer science deals only with general issues and practically does not give skills in drawing and modeling. As a result, applicants for the most part come to a technical university unprepared for the normal perception of geometric and graphic disciplines. In this regard, two priority tasks of further informatization of engineering education at the technical university have been formulated. On the one hand, this is the improvement of the methodology for teaching geometro-graphic disciplines, including in distance learning. On the other hand, it is the involvement of schoolchildren in various Olympiads and competitions held on the basis of technical universities to develop the initial skills of drawing and modeling simple objects.
Some elements of geometric objects’ parameterization theory are considered in this paper. An analysis of this theory development by leading Soviet scientists has been presented. It is known that figure’s parameters are determined by adding shape parameters with location parameters. In the drawing these parameters are expressed as dimensions. Relations between figures are determined or by their mutual affiliation, or by perpendicularity, or by their touch. These ratios allow reduce dimensions number on a drawing. The link of the parameterization theory with creation of parametric drawings has been demonstrated in the considering work. Definitions for such concepts as parameter and parametric drawing have been given. A various geometric figures’ parameters calculation principle has been considered. The order of assignment in parametric form of different geometrical objects (point, straight line), as well as any figure’s position in space has been presented. Assignments of geometrical conditions for membership, parallelism, perpendicularity, contact by parameters have been considered. A detailed description for parametric drawing in "KOMPAS-Graphic" program has been presented. Advantages and features related to carrying out of parametric fragments (with geometric and dimensional dependencies) and drawings in this program for various industries have been laid in detail. Some features and approaches in carrying out parametric drawings and fragments, which worthwhile to apply for different modifications of items when needed to creat group drawings, have been proposed for consideration. Traditional methods for creation of the group drawings using CAD systems effectively increase intellectual work’s performance. The CAD systems capabilities use will enable designers to implement various ways and possibilities comprehensively for creation and presentation of graphic information.
The article deals with the implementation of information technologies in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard when students of Astrakhan universities study the course "Engineering Graphics" during distance learning, further informatization of engineering education. To ensure a high level of modern production, the priority task is to improve the teaching methods of geometric and graphic disciplines. Along with the traditional execution of drawings, modern computer-aided design systems should be consistently applied to achieve an appropriate level of information literacy, which will ensure that students acquire the necessary professional competencies.
The paper considers various ways to construct the intersection curves of surfaces, available in the scientific literature. The analysis shows that the exact build intersection surfaces finds extensive practical application when designing constructions from sheet material, which must be built. In this case, the accuracy of manufacturing elements construction depends largely on the accuracy of the projections of the intersection of surfaces on an integrated drawing. In this work the examples build the intersection of several complex surfaces 2nd order among themselves and with the curve line using 2D and 3D technologies. In this case, the accuracy of manufacturing elements construction depends largely on the accuracy of the projections of the intersection of surfaces on an integrated drawing. In this work the examples build the intersection of several complex surfaces 2nd order among themselves and with the curve line using 2D and 3D technologies. Provides an algorithm of building solid model of certain surfaces, which significantly reduces the time to solving problems at the intersection of the surfaces, making visibility into the solution, create a realistic model of the object. In General, this work demonstrates that one of the stages of further reform in teaching descriptive geometry is the evolutionary path of development, outlining the many issues (e.g., intersection of surfaces) using electronic kuhlmann. In this case, students will receive a decision not by pushing buttons, and applying the methods of descriptive geometry, simultaneously developing spatial imagination and computer skills are already in the first year. And the final stage of teaching descriptive geometry will transition to 3D modelling, when the above tasks will instantly and clearly resolved by simply pressing buttons.
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