Mechanical, electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic transmissions are used in transmissions of agricultural transport technology machines. Depending on the design tasks, the considered transmissions have different kinematic schemes, parameters and design solutions. At the same time, the number of possible options can be quite large; therefore, the determination of the preferred option is, as a rule, a multi-criteria task and often leads to a palliative or compromise choice. The main problem of their development is the adaptability of the design of the actuator to the requirements of the technological (working) process associated with the constant change in the state of the technological object. This paper presents the rationale for developing a theory of kinematic chains of positive orders (adaptive kinematic chains), creating a theory of the structure of adaptive kinematic and adaptive mechanisms in general, methods for static and dynamic analysis of adaptive mechanisms, as well as methods for calculating their basic parameters.
Currently, agricultural machinery is characterized by low technical level and high wear. The tractor fleet is basically based on outdated machines that do not meet modern requirements for the consumption of operating (fuel and oil) and construction materials, reliability, environmental impact (water and air basins, soil, the content of harmful impurities in exhaust gases), working conditions and level of automation and other indicators. The wide use of combined harvesters shows significant shortcomings typical of currently produced combine harvesters. Extremely high concentration of operations in one machine, typical of modern self-propelled combines, with high productivity, severe restrictions on harvesting, loss and damage to grain, with high requirements for durability and reliability leads to an increase in machine weight. As a result, there are problems to increase its cost, soil compaction during harvesting, reducing crop yields, and highly qualified personnel for operation, maintenance and repair. The article analyzes the trends of further development of agricultural machinery, based on the solutions proposed in the Russian-Belarusian patents, aimed at solving these problems.
This article describes the relevance of developing methods and systems for detection photo-video violations of the Rules of the road. The proposed method includes several steps: 1) detecting of the three classes of objects on a video sequence (pedestrian crossing, a motor vehicle and a human on the pedestrian crossing; 2) tracking the trajectories of the vehicle and the human on the pedestrian crossing; 3) comparing the paths of the pedestrian and the vehicle and determining whether there has been a violation of the Rules of the road for a certain period of time. For real-time object detection, we used neural network YOLO V3.
The article discusses the process of the occurrence of energy circulation arising in planetary gearboxes of wheeled and tracked transport vehicles for agricultural purposes. The high efficiency of the planetary gear in the absence of circulating energy in it is predetermined by the correct choice of its kinematic scheme and the use of friction elements for gear shifting, which will allow changing gears while the machine is moving without interrupting the power flow supplied to the driving wheels. The analysis of the work carried out in the study of transmissions of modern transport wheeled and tracked vehicles shows that in the absolute majority of them the already mentioned circulating energy arises during operation. This indicates the importance of the problem and the need, firstly, to analyse it, and secondly, to identify ways to improve and find optimal technical solutions in the field of planetary gearboxes, which will improve the technical and economic performance of the transmission and the machine as a whole. Therefore, at present, the question of the advisability of a more thorough study of the study of such programs has become very relevant.
The article analyzes accident rate on the roads in Rostov region. Among total number of accidents, one of the “first” leading places is a collision with a pedestrian. Consequently, work in the field of improving road safety at unregulated pedestrian crossings is relevant. Analysis of research and patent search for devices that increase safety of a pedestrian when moving on a pedestrian crossing showed that there is the need to expand the range of such devices. As a result, the article presents a description of the new way to improve safety of pedestrian traffic at unregulated pedestrian crossing.
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