Indonesia aims to decarbonize the energy sector by accelerating the use of new and renewable energy, expected to reach 31% of total energy supply in 2050. One of important tools to achieve the target is renewable energy potential maps including hydro energy potential maps. Yet, existing hydro energy potential maps have several weaknesses such as sites coordinate not on the river network. This study aims to update and to improve the run-off river system energy hydro maps by using a novel method considering multiple factors that are head values, discharge river, gravity, and the efficiency of the hydro system. In calculating the head value, we use DEM data from SRTM 1 arc second to estimate difference between upstream and downstream elevations. We also did Q90 modeling using WFLOW software as generate the discharge value. In the end, we verified the maps by using field measurement data in 776 sites from previous study. As a result, we estimate the total potential of hydro energy with the run-off river system in Indonesia reaches 94,627 MW distributed in 52,566 sites.
The use of Research Weather and Forecasting (WRF) numerical models to predict the potential of solar energy can be used as a starting point for mapping. The prediction result of WRF should be verified to improve the quality of data. In this study, we used the WRF data from 2001 to 2010. The model results are validated using twelve months' solar radiation data in two locations, Palihan village (Yogjakarta Province) and Aikangkung village (Nusa Tenggara Barat Provinces). The methods used were downscaling, prediction, verification and correction. The verification result showed that location 1 (Palihan village) had a larger deviation (MAPE=22.59%) than location 2 (Aikangkung village, MAPE = 12.95%). Deviations due to the difference between WRF models and observation data were used to correct the solar potential energy map. Finally, MAPE for corrected map were = 0,0007% for Palihan village and 7% for Aikangkung village. ABSTRAKPenggunaan model numerik Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) untuk memprediksi potensi energi surya dapat digunakan sebagai langkah awal pemetaan. Peta hasil prediksi WRF perlu diverifikasi guna meningkatkan kualitas data. Penelitian ini menggunakan data WRF tahun 2001 hingga 2010. Data observasi radiasi matahari selama 12 bulan pada 2 lokasi, yaitu Desa Palihan (Provinsi Yogjakarta) dan Desa Aikangkung (Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat) digunakan untuk verifikasi luaran WRF. Metode yang digunakan adalah penurunan skala (downscaling), prediksi, verifikasi, dan koreksi. Hasil verifikasi memperlihatkan lokasi 1 (Desa Palihan) memiliki deviasi yang lebih besar (MAPE=22,59%) dibanding pada lokasi 2 (Desa Aikangkung) dengan nilai MAPE=12,95%. Perbedaan nilai antara model WRF dan data observasi dimanfaatkan untuk mengoreksi peta potensi energi surya. Hasil peta yang telah terkoreksi, memiliki nilai MAPE = 0,0007% untuk Desa Palihan dan 7% untuk Desa Aikangkung. Kata kunci: evaluasi, potensi energi surya, model, observasi
Pengembangan energi terbarukan perlu ditingkatkan guna mengatasi permasalahan sumber energi fosil yang semakin menipis. Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA) skala mikro atau mikrohidro berpotensi dikembangkan mengingatIndonesia memiliki gugusan pegunungan dengan mata air yang mengalir sebagai sumber air sungai. Selain di sungai, mikrohidro juga dapat diaplikasikan pada daerah irigasi. Ada 48.043 daerah irigasi di Indonesia yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menambah ketahanan energi Indonesia. Permasalahan yang ditemui adalah belum adanya informasi jumlah potensi energi mikrohidro yang dapat dibangkitkan pada daerah irigasi di Indonesia. Kajian ini bertujuan untukmengidentifikasi dan membuat Peta Potensi Energi Mikrohidro di Daerah Irigasi pada Wilayah Sungai Serayu Opak, serta untuk mengetahui potensi energi mikrohidro yang dapat dibangkitkan di wilayah tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengolahan data melalui analisis geospasial. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peta potensi energi mikrohidro di saluran irigasi ini dapat digunakan sebagai peta indikasi awal lokasi-lokasi yang memiliki potensi untuk membangkitkan energi sepanjang saluran irigasi, potensi energi mikrohidro yang dapat dibangkitkan di Wilayah Sungai Serayu-Opak sebesar 26 MW.
This study presents the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) with the 5-km horizontal grid as a tool for wind energy forecasting within and along the Indonesian coast for the next 72 hours. The modeled data is then validated using wind measurements from the meteorological mast in East Sumba at several heights. Global Forecast System (GFS) operational forecasting data with a resolution of 0.25 degrees are used as the initial and boundary conditions (IC/BC) model. The findings demonstrate that wind speed and wind power density are much higher above ground level (50 m) than at ground level (10 m) and are significantly higher towards the shore than inland. The model slightly overpredicts low-level wind speeds. The results suggest that the WRF model is feasible for forecasting Indonesia's wind flow and wind energy.
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