A porous-coated modular total hip system was developed for uncemented implantation in dogs. The operative technique was developed in cadaver bones and live animals. One hundred uncemented total hip arthroplasties were performed in 92 dogs. Results were successful in 98% of the joints during follow-ups of 3 months or more. Complications included three luxations of the prosthetic joint, two fissure fractures of the femoral cortex, and one complete displacement of the acetabular component from its bony bed. Four complications were resolved successfully.
Intramedullary infarction occurs after canine THA. These bone infarcts do not appear to cause clinical signs; however, they may present a diagnostic challenge. Malignant transformation could potentially result from medullary infarction.
Thirty uncemented porous-coated anatomic total hip prostheses in 24 dogs were evaluated radiographically at 6 months, 12 months, or 18 months after arthroplasty. All dogs were fully weight bearing and free of lameness at the time of follow-up. Radiographs were assessed for prosthetic component alignment, percentage of femoral canal fill, resorptive and formative bony changes, and changes at the implant bone interface. No evidence of infection, loosening, or failure of component fixation was seen. Settling of the acetabular component and subsidence of the femoral stem was seen early after surgery. Cortical atrophy was seen in all femurs and was the most significant bony remodeling change. Early results of clinical and radiographic evaluation of uncemented total hip arthroplasty in dogs have been encouraging.
This report provides a detailed description of the clinical course and serial radiographic assessment of septic and aseptic loosening of two femoral endoprostheses. Single-stage revision is a potential treatment for either condition as demonstrated by the successful outcome in these two dogs.
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