AbstrakTeknik nonfarmakologi yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan angka kejadian mual muntah pascaoperasi adalah pemberian cairan praoperatif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian cairan praoperatif Ringer laktat 2 mL/kgBB/jam puasa untuk menurunkan angka kejadian mual muntah pascamastektomi. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis acak yang dilakukan pada bulan Maret-April 2013 di Rumah Sakit Kanker Dharmais, Rumah Sakit Persahabatan, Rumah Sakit Fatmawati, dan Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta, pada pasien status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) 1-2. Sebanyak 102 pasien diacak ke dalam kelompok hidrasi dan kelompok kontrol. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-kuadrat. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dalam kejadian mual pada 0-1 jam pascaoperasi (kelompok hidrasi 20% vs kelompok kontrol 39%) dan pada 0-24 jam pascaoperasi (kelompok hidrasi 22% vs kelompok kontrol 41%). Walaupun tidak berbeda secara statistik, angka kekerapan mual pada 1-24 jam pascaoperasi lebih rendah pada kelompok hidrasi 12% (6) dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol 23% (12). Tidak ada perbedaan secara statistik pada angka kekerapan muntah di kedua kelompok penelitian. Pemberian cairan praoperatif Ringer laktat 2 mL/kgBB/jam puasa efektif untuk menurunkan angka kejadian mual pascaoperasi mastektomi pada 1 jam pertama pascaoperasi.Kata kunci: Cairan praoperatif, mastektomi, mual muntah pascaoperasi Effectiveness of Pre-operative Lactated Ringer's Solution 2 mL/kgBW/h in Fasting Patients to Prevent Post-operative Nausea and Vomiting AbstractNon pharmacologic approaches to overcome post operative nausea and vomiting include giving preoperative hydration. The objective of this study was to learn the efficacy of pre-operative lactated Ringer's solution (2 mL/kgBW/hour) in fasting patients to overcome the post-operative nausea and vomiting in mastectomy surgery. This study was a randomized clinical trial that conducted in March to April 2013 in Dharmais Hospital-National Cancer Center, Persahabatan Hospital, Fatmawati Hospital, and Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta to patients with American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) physical status 1-2. A total of 102 patients were randomized into the hydration group and control group. Data analysis was performed using chi-square test or appropriate test using SPSS ver. 15. There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of nausea at 0-1 hour post-operative (19.6% in hydration group vs. 39.2% in control group) and at 0-24 hours post-operative (21.6% in hydration group vs. 41.2% control group). The incidence of 1-24 hours PONV, although not statistically significant, was higher in the control group (11.8% in hydration group vs. 23.5% in control group). There was no difference in vomiting incidence between the two groups. Pre-operative lactated Ringer's solution 2 mL/kgBW/hour in fasting patients effectively reduces the incidence of post-operative nausea one hour after operation.
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