The
association of pancreatic cancer with type 2 diabetes mellitus
was investigated by 1H NMR metabolomic analysis of blood
plasma. Concentration data of 58 metabolites enabled discrimination
of pancreatic cancer (PC) patients from healthy controls (HC) and
long-term type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. A panel of eight
metabolites was proposed and successfully tested for group discrimination.
Furthermore, a prediction model for the identification of at-risk
individuals for future development of pancreatic cancer was built
and tested on recent-onset diabetes mellitus (RODM) patients. Six
of 59 RODM samples were assessed as PC with an accuracy of more than
80%. The health condition of these individuals was re-examined, and
in four cases, a correlation to the prediction was found. The current
health condition can be retrospectively attributed to misdiagnosed
pancreatogenic diabetes or to early-stage pancreatic cancer.
The incidence and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been rising in developed countries. The association between these two diseases has been widely studied and reported. Less evidence is available about the relationship between MS and CRC precancerous lesions (adenomatous polyps, adenomas). The aim of this paper is to present an overview of our scientific understanding of that topic and its implication in clinical practice. One of the principal goals of current CRC secondary prevention efforts is to detect and remove the precancerous lesions in individuals with an average CRC risk to prevent the development of invasive cancer. MS is not currently considered a high-risk CRC factor and is therefore not included in the guidelines of organized screening programs. However, in light of growing scientific evidence, the approach to patients with MS should be changed. Metabolic risk factors for the development of adenomas and cancers are the same - obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2. Therefore, the key issue in the near future is the development of a simple scoring system, easy to use in clinical practice, which would identify individuals with high metabolic risk of colorectal neoplasia and would be used for individual CRC secondary prevention strategies. Currently, such scoring systems have been published based on Asian (Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening Score; APCS) and Polish populations.
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