The aim of the article is to identify the main features of hospitality, their manifestations, and their significance for the development of the accommodation and catering industry from ancient times to the present in the European and Ukrainian contexts. The research methodology is based on the use of general scientific (analytical and synthetic, inductive and deductive) and special historical (historical-comparative, problem-chronological, retrospective, diachronic) methods. Analytical and synthetic methods were used in identifying individual facts, phenomena, trends, and their further systematization in a logical sequence to argue certain assumptions, statements, and conclusions. Special historical methods were used in the process of highlighting the facts related to the development of hospitality in their chronological order and in comparison between different regions of the world to identify common trends. Results. The formation of hospitality traditions began with the first cultural and economic communications between representatives of different communities. These traditions included respect for the guest and providing him with the necessary safe living conditions. Over time, the elements of hospitality have become the basis of an extensive and profitable industry, which includes not only accommodation and food, but also entertainment and leisure, but such changes have occurred relatively recently, with the transformation of tourism into a mass phenomenon. Hospitality has played in the past and continues to play an important role in preserving and restoring national identity. Ukrainian national identity, which is changing very slowly and imperceptibly for its bearers, is becoming one of the features of the national character and includes elements of traditional folk hospitality. The history of the development of accommodation and catering shows the important role of hospitality as an integral factor of intercultural communication both in ancient times and in the modern world. Victory in the modern market of tourist services is possible only based on taking into account the historical specifics of traditional folk hospitality and its combination with today's trends in the hospitality industry. The scientific novelty is to determine the features of hospitality and their implementation in accommodation and catering establishments over a long time in comparison with the European and Ukrainian experiences. The practical significance is to draw the attention of the hotel and restaurant industry to the importance of hospitality, which has become an essential component of a successful business element.
The purpose of the article is to analyze and assess the natural, climatic, historical and cultural resources of the tourist center of Kamianets-Podilskyi (Ukraine). Based on this, it is planned to identify the existing problems in the tourism industry and form recommendations aimed to solve the issues. Methodology. The study used methods of comparison, analysis and synthesis and the method of generalization. The method of analysis was used to highlight certain elements of the overall picture, characterizing the potential of the tourist center, the historical value of architectural structures and the possibility of attracting investment in tourism development. The synthesis method was used to combine a variety of information into a coherent picture that objectively reflects the subject of research. The generalization method was used to formulate base messages, general statements and conclusions. Results. It was found that Kamianets-Podilskyi has rich natural, historical, architectural and cultural resources that attract thousands of tourists. The main sights of the city are the Smotritskiy Canyon, the Old Fortress and the Old Town with more than a hundred architectural structures. However, the potential of these resources is not fully utilized, as evidenced by the small number of tourists compared to other European tourist centers. The main reasons for the lag include an undeveloped information campaign of city promotion, poor transport links, an insufficient number of hotels, restaurants, entertainment establishments of the appropriate level. Local authorities and private businesses are working on solving these problems, but their efforts have not yet turned into a concrete result in the form of positive dynamics of growth in the number of tourists. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that an assessment was made of the tourism potential of Kamianets-Podilskyi in comparison with other European tourist centers and the problems that need to be solved to increase the attractiveness of the city. The practical significance lies in the popularization of the tourist town of Kamianets-Podilskyi. Dissemination of information about the tourist destination is an important step in increasing the tourist flows. The article provides practical recommendations aimed at increasing the attractiveness of the city, which can be used by both the authorities and private business. In addition, the above recommendations can be useful for other cities that plan to develop the tourism industry.
The purpose of the article is to clarify the process of emergence of sports tourism in Western Ukraine and to study the factors that positively influenced on this process. Methods. The investigation based on the use of general scientific and special research methods. General scientific methods include descriptive method, method of analysis and synthesis, generalization and abstraction, comparison and analogy. Results. It was found that the development of tourism was associated with the natural interest of society, which intensified ethnographic and cultural research. In the process of their implementation, new routes were laid, knowledge about the geography of the region was deepened, and the tourist infrastructure was formed. Physical preparation for the hikes took the form of scouting, which included the formation of skills of survival in natural conditions, the ability to navigate the terrain, set up a tent, light a fire, cook, and so on. The form of such training proposed by the British officer quickly gained popularity throughout the world and in particular in Western Ukraine. Gradually, sport tourism is becoming widespread. Overcoming financial, material and political difficulties, sports, local history and tourist societies during their existence have worked out numerous forms and methods of popularization and propaganda of Ukrainian history, sports, nature and culture using means of tourist and local history activities. Their work experience convincingly indicates the need for coordination of the activities of individual fans of tourism and travel, the concentration of efforts aimed at studying the recreational and cognitive potential of the native land. The activity of tourist and local lore societies and clubs has practically proved that one of the main factors of youth education is knowledge of one's own history and preservation of the nature of the native land, combination of physical development with patriotic and ecological education. The scientific novelty is that the factors of sports tourism development in the western region of Ukraine were clarified. The relationship between local history movement and sports tourism was determined. The some facts from the history of the local lore movement were indicated. The events testifying to the development of scouting in the western Ukrainian lands were revealed. The pan-European context of the process of sports tourism development and local lore movement was determined. The practical significance lies in the promotion of sports tourism as a form of relaxation and recreation, exposing the potential of scouting for sports training and patriotic education of youth, updating old and developing new tourist routes based on the experience of past tourist clubs.
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