Low back pain (LBP) is a disease with a high socio-economic and medical impact. Recovery treatment is complex and includes medication (NSAIDs, analgesics, muscle relaxants), physiotherapy and kinesiology. Ultrasound is one of the electrotherapy procedures applied due to its analgesic effects, muscle relaxing properties and massage. The study assesses the evolution of temperature and the number of red blood cells after the application of ultrasound of different intensities and ways. The results are statistically significant for some parameters. Limitations of the study are determined by the relatively small number of study patients, but the results could form the basis of further research.
Medical analysis laboratory must establish its own reference intervals depending on the facilities they are working with, the working substances and protocols. These reference intervals must be obtained depending on age groups in order to accurately interpret the results of the analyzes performed. The study is a retrospective one using 3217 data from the electronic archive of the S.C. Vladutiu&Garabedian S.R.L. Clinic in Medias. Total serum calcium was determined by the colorimetric method on the Konelab analyzer. Processing of the collected data was done using the Hoffmann method, considering 5% up to 95% of the values in the database, the values being randomly selected. For comparison, data from the literature was used. In children under 1 year old, it was not possible to calculate the reference intervals since data was insufficient. In the other age groups, reference intervals obtained in the current study were similar to the studied literature. Reference intervals established for calcium can provide important guidance for the reasonable supplementation of this essential element in children.
Magnesium is an essential nutrient for the living organisms and plays an important part in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. It is an enzymatic cofactor for more than 300 reactions. Magnesium is essential for regulating blood pressure, muscle contraction, cardiac excitability, insulin metabolism, vasomotor tonus. Studying the way in which serum magnesium concentration varies in children and adolescents in the Sibiu area according to the reference intervals we especially set for this area. The study is a retrospective one, using approximately 4900 data from the archives of the Medical Analysis Laboratory within the Sibiu Pediatric Clinical Hospital. Serum magnesium was dosed using the Konelab Prime 30i analyser. The data from the literature was used to compare the results. The reference ranges obtained in the current study were similar to the literature studied. The percentage of patients with magnesium concentration outside the reference ranges was roughly equal for all age groups. The difference was between 1 month and 2 year-old children with very few deviations from the reference range. The results of our study reflect more accurately the real reference range for the population in the Sibiu area, helping clinicians to establish a diagnosis as quickly and accurate as possible. These results were not significantly different from the literature studied.
Heat shock inductors have potential as treatment for degenerative and protein misfolding diseases. Dimethyl-sulfoxide is widely used as a solvent in pharmacological screening tests and has been shown to have heat shock induction effects. Transgenic Tg (hsp70l:EGFP-HRAS_G12V)io3(AB) zebrafish larvae were exposed for 24 hours to dimethyl-sulfoxide in concentratios of 0.1-2%, and to moderate heat shock inductors pentoxifylline and tacrolimus. Positive controls were exposed to 35, 38 and 40�C for 20 min, and incubated for 24 h at 28�C. Heat shock response was measured by fluorescence microscopy and signal intensity quantification in FIJI. Dimethyl-sulfoxide caused a dose-dependant increase in fluorescent intensity, but significantly lower compared with exposure to 38 and 40�C. Pentoxifylline and tacrolimus induced a significantly higher increase in fluorescence compared with 0.5% dimethyl-sulfoxide. Thus, although dimethyl-sulfoxide has independent heat shock induction effects, concentrations of up to 0.5% are suitable for heat shock response screening tests.
In infants and toddlers, acute diarrhea is the most common gastrointestinal disorder. Recent literature has shown that viruses are the most common cause and of these, Rotavirus is a major causative agent of diarrhea in children under five years old, representing a major cause of mortality in this age. Since there is no etiologic treatment for viral diseases, hydro-electrolytic rebalancing is the standard therapy and vaccination is the most effective way to prevent these diseases. The study is a retrospective one and aims at establishing the etiology and correlation with origin environment (urban or rural) of children with acute diarrhea in Sibiu area. The study included 3135 children aged 1 month - 18 years old, admitted to the Pediatric Clinic, Sibiu, between January 1, 2014 - December 31, 2016. Laboratory tests were used to determine viral and /or bacterial etiology of acute diarrhea. Viral etiology was the most common, being confirmed in 34.1% of cases, and the bacterial one was confirmed in 10.8% of cases, of which the most frequent etiological agent involved was Campylobacter jejuni (40.0%). The most frequent aetiology of acute diarrhea in children in the Sibiu area are the viral infections, Rotavirus being the first, and of bacterial aetiology, rare in frequency, Campylobacter jejuni is the leader followed by Salmonella spp., and Shigella spp. Children in urban areas were more frequently affected by acute diarrhea than those in rural areas, unlike data from the literature.
The glycinergic neurotransmission system is a potential pharmacological target for pain and muscle spasm relief therapy. Planarians are attractive model organisms for neuropharmacological research, due to their simplicity and neurotransmitters shared with mammals. In this study, planarians were exposed to glycine, caffeine, midazolam and ondansetron separately and to successive associations of glycine/caffeine, glycine/midazolam and glycine/ondansetron. Effects on motility were examined by a grid crossing assay. Results showed a dose-dependent reduction of motility by glycine, partially reversed by caffeine and midazolam, but not by ondansetron. Midazolam caused an intense decrease of motility, but not significantly lower than glycine. Ondansetron-treated planarians showed decrease motility compared with controls, but not with glycine or midazolam. These results are consistent with data obtained from higher organisms, showing that planarians can be used as model organisms for glycinergic pharmacological research.
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