The authors of the work presented developed solar air-heater with a spiral heat exchanger-accumulator based on their developed scheme. The article discusses a result of experimental studies, the high energy efficiency of a solar air-heater with a spiral heat exchanger-accumulator in the mode of medium heating of heat carriers in the natural and climatic conditions of Karshi. In July 2021, the maximum level of solar radiation was recorded for the entire experimental and research period. This article shows that the maximum air temperature rose to 78 °C due to the use of oil to collect heat in the SAH and that hot air was supplied to the consumer during the day. As a result of experimental studies, the main experimental designs and modes of operation of the solar air heater with a spiral heat exchanger-accumulator were substantiated.
This article describes the design and mathematical model for heat accumulation in the substrate and soil of a solar greenhouse. The results of the experimental studies are presented, the thermal processes that occur in the described system are considered, and a mathematical model for heat accumulation in the substrate and soil of the solar greenhouse is compiled. The proposed mathematical model facilitates the calculations for the accumulation and distribution of thermal energy in the different layers. Studied the accumulation of solar energy is carried out both in the greenhouse soil - the substrate, and in the heat storage channel. The article discusses the proposed mathematical model of transport processes in a solar greenhouse allows calculating the changes in the temperature of the soil-substrate and the average volumetric temperature for given initial conditions and external influences, depending on time. The discrepancy between the calculated and experimental data on heat transfer in the IC is ± 2 ÷ 7 for heat transfer in the substrate - ± 10 ÷ 15%. The article presents the developed mathematical model of radiation-convective heat exchange of a two-block solar greenhouse with a substrate and heat accumulation is very correct, as evidenced by the comparison of the calculation results using the mathematical model and field experimental data.
The article proposes a solar installation for thermal processing of municipal solid waste and presents a method of technical and economic analysis of systems for processing municipal solid waste based on solar energy. The object of the research is a solar installation for thermal processing of municipal solid waste. The analysis of the heat balance of the developed solar installation was compiled and carried out, and the energy requirement for thermal processing of municipal solid waste was determined. The work uses the methods of the theory of heat and mass transfer and body balances of heat power and solar installations. The created solar installation for anaerobic fermentation of solid waste to obtain landfill gas and bio fertilizers has been investigated. Balance methods of numerical and experimental studies of anaerobic fermentation of solid waste were used to analyze the results. A calculation has been made showing the energy efficiency of a solar installation for the processing of municipal solid waste using solar energy. Based on the research carried out, it was found that at an average heating temperature of 50-55 °C, 200-250 m3 of landfill gas was obtained from one ton of household waste.
The authors of the work presented a solar air heater for maintaining a constant temperature of heated air in drying plants and in air heating systems. The article discusses an experimental installation of a solar air heater was made and an insulated storage tank with a spiral-type heat exchanger for accumulating heated air was installed, additionally equipped with a hinged reflector parallel to the solar air heater, which is also an additional source of thermal energy of solar radiation, the results of an experimental study of the operating modes of the installation in natural and climatic conditions of Karshi. As a result of experimental studies, a high energy efficiency of a solar air heater was determined in the heating mode of heat carriers (air up to + 65 °C and waste oil up to + 75 °C) in June. The analysis of the heat balance of the developed installation is carried out. The influence of the main heat engineering parameters on the thermal power of the installation is analyzed.
The authors of this work have proposed a combined solar heating unit for the heat and humidity treatment of greenhouse air supplies. The object of research is a combined solar collector for the simultaneous heating of water and air. The heat and humidity treatment of supply air is an energy-intensive technological process that requires a very large consumption of thermal energy and water resources. For the operation of such a system, electric heating installations are often used; however, these systems are not always available and economical. In this paper, to reduce the consumption of traditional energy for the heat treatment of the air supply, a combined solar collector is proposed, and the results of an experimental study of the operating modes of the installation in the conditions of the city of Karshi are presented. It has been developed combined solar collector, the temperature of the heat carriers at the outlet in the heating mode “water + air” reached up to 48 °C (air) and up to 60 °C (water), which are acceptable for air treatment systems of heat and humidity in greenhouses. As a result of the experimental studies, the high energy efficiency of the combined solar collector in the “water + air” heating mode is shown. It has been established that the efficiency of the installation is in the range of 0.45 - 0.69.
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