The hydrogenation of three different pharmaceutical nitro-containing compounds has been studied using high-throughput
experimentation (HTE) methods. Significant improvements to
the existing reactions were obtained for two of the examples.
Each reaction exhibits distinct features regarding activity and
chemoselectivity. The best catalyst and reaction conditions
found were remarkably different for each of the reactions. For
one of the reactions, larger-scale studies are presented, which
show that the screening reactions provided a fast and reliable
indicator of the most promising reaction conditions.
Reading the Federal Register announcement (U.S. Department of Education, 2016) of Title II of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) offers a glimpse of WIOA's priorities. These priorities are important because they drive funding allocations for adult basic education in the nation; and that funding, in turn, determines how funded programs operate in order to receive that funding. As the largest funder of adult basic education (ABE) in the nation, providing over $600 million through its Basic Grants to States (U.S. Department of Education, 2019), WIOA drives ABE policies and practices. A review of the announcement on Title II shows how much the concept of transitioning beyond basic skills has become critical. The phrase "transition to" is repeated 46 times throughout the document and is clarified with language that brings the importance of transitions to the forefront. Basic skills learners attend classes not as an end, but rather as a point that takes them forward to something else, as noted in this explanation: WIOA retains and expands the purposes of AEFLA [Adult Education and Family Literacy Act]. Under WIA [the legislation that WIOA supersedes], AEFLA aimed to help adults improve their educational and employment outcomes, become self-sufficient, and support the educational development of their children. Under WIOA, AEFLA's purposes have been expanded to include assisting adults to transition to postsecondary education and training, including through career pathway programs. Further, WIOA formalizes the role of adult education in assisting English language learners to acquire the skills needed to succeed in the 21st-century economy.
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