No abstract

A glass substrate was coated with silver by ultrasound irradiation. The structure and morphology of the nanoparticles in the deposited film were characterized using methods such as XRD, TEM, HR TEM, HRSEM, AFM, TOF-SIMS and optical spectroscopy. It was demonstrated that nucleation and the ensuing growth of the nanoparticles occurs in solution and is influenced by the concentration of the precursor, temperature and time of sonication. TOF-SIMS measurements revealed that silver nanoparticles passed through the glass interface and diffused within the glass substrate up to ∼60 nm. An analysis of the thermal effects accompanying the sonochemical cavitation of micro-bubbles in the solution near the solid surfaces shows that the collision of nanoparticles can lead to their melting and coalescence. Sonochemical deposition takes place layer by layer, so that the completion of the deposition of each layer of nanoparticles is followed by the sintering of adjacent particles and the formation of a close-packed layer. Using PVP as a stabilizing agent, a monolayer coating of silver nanoparticles on the glass surface was obtained. The coated glass demonstrated antibacterial activity.

No abstract

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is defined by the WHO classification as a large B-cell neoplasm without detectable tumor masses. It is universally associated with HHV8, with most cases occurring in the setting of immunodeficiency such as HIV infection, and a poor prognosis. Morphologically, the neoplastic cells range from immunoblastic, plasmablastic, to anaplastic; and phenotypically, most cases express plasma cell but not B-cell markers, i.e., plasmablastic. During the past decade, primary HHV8-negative effusion lymphoma has been reported. Such cases were considered in the WHO classification scheme as effusion-based lymphoma. We performed a systemic review of 167 HHV8-negative effusion lymphomas from the literature and found that only 42% were associated with a fluid overload state, and with low rates of HIV (6%) or EBV (21%) infection. Furthermore, most patients are old (or immunosenescent) with underlying medical conditions/comorbidities, most neoplasms are of B-cell phenotype, and the outcome is more favorable than that of HHV8-positive PEL. These distinctive findings supported our prior proposal of designating these HHV8-negative cases as type II PEL, in contrast to the classic or type I PEL as defined by the WHO. Furthermore, we propose an algorithmic approach for the diagnosis of PEL and its mimickers.