African populations harbor more genetic variation than any other biogeographical group. There is also a strong infectious-and growing noninfectious-disease burden across the continent that has seen the use of an ever-expanding array of therapeutics. The coexistence of these factors makes understanding pharmacogenomic variation in African populations an imperative for health across the continent and globally. Using G6PD and cytochrome P450 genes, we illustrate this imperative and discuss the future challenges and opportunities for African pharmacogenomics.
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