The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of light on the changes in typographic and colorimetric properties of ink jet prints in order to establish an appropriate typeface style and type size for business correspondence to ensure information permanence. The prints were made with six ink jet printers from different manufacturers on four different office papers. Four different, widely used typefaces (one old-style, one transitional, and two sans-serif) in five different sizes (6, 8, 10, 12, and 16 pt) were tested. The resistance of printed business correspondence to light was evaluated according to the ISO 12040 standard. The color differences were determined spectrophotometrically. The differences in typographic tonal density and wicking of typefaces were measured with image analysis. After the exposure to light, the biggest difference in typographic tonal density was observed at type sizes 6 and 8 pt, and at one of the sans-serif typefaces.
Constant improvements in digital cameras have made it possible to use these devices for colour acquisition and reproduction at an advanced level. It is known that a colour match for all observers when changing illumination can only be achieved by matching spectral data. Obtaining spectral data from digital camera RGB values could provide a new way of using the digital camera as a spectrophotometric tool or as a high‐quality colour‐capturing system that is required in more demanding applications. In the present study, two spectral reflectance estimation methods were examined – the Imai–Berns method (ImaiBerns) and the spectral‐sensitivity‐based method (SpecSens). The purpose of the research was to simplify the procedure of the SpecSens method by using a diffraction grating and a spectroradiometer instead of a monochromator, and to compare the results with those of the ImaiBerns approach. Obtained spectral reflectance estimates were evaluated using the root‐mean‐square error and ∆E00 metrics. Results of the research show that the ImaiBerns method was superior to SpecSens, most likely because the former method does not require knowledge of the camera spectral sensitivities, which often introduces errors into reflectance estimation calculations. Both methods were successful in predicting black, brownish, and dark patches, as indicated by a low root‐mean‐square error, as well as unsaturated pastel, pink, or skin colours, which produced low ∆E00 values. On the other hand, many of the patches with a low root‐mean‐square error also exhibited high ∆E00 values, while bright, nearly‐white patches were characterised by a high root‐mean‐square error.
Original scientific paper A different number of white ink layers printed with the inkjet technology can influence the legibility of prints. Therefore, we tested how to achieve best legibility of printed text and labelling information, considering the changes in colorimetric and typographic properties. The prints were made with an inkjet printer and three different numbers of white ink layers were used. Three different typefaces in four different sizes, appropriate for labelling, were tested. The colour differences were determined colorimetrically and the differences in the typographic tonal density of typefaces were measured with an image analysis. The legibility research was performed with the help of observers who read the printed text in the combination of white ink on black paper and black ink on white paper. The results led to the conclusion that with regard to the colorimetric and typographic quality and effectiveness, the legibility was the best at two layers of white ink. Keywords: colorimetric properties; inkjet; labelling; legibility; packaging design; typography Čitljivost etiketnih deklaracija ostvarenih s višebrojnim nanošenjem bijele bojeIzvorni znanstveni članak Različit broj otisnutih slojeva bijele boje utječe na čitljivost otisaka. U ovom radu testirana je mogućnost postizanja najbolje čitljivosti otisnutog teksta na etiketi, zajedno sa analizom tipografskih svojstava i ostvarenih kolornih promjena. Otisci otisnuti na UV tintnom pisaču imaju mogućnost ostvarivanja većeg broja istih separacija (tri sloja bijele). Pritom su varirana tri tipa i četiri veličine pisma (karakteristična za etiketne deklaracije). Kolorne promjene su određene kolorimetrijski, te izračunom tipografske optičke gustoće slova primjenom slikovne analize. Ispitivanje čitljivosti je izvršena uz pomoć ispitanika koji su čitali tekst u kombinaciji: bijela podloga -crni tekst i crna podloga -bijeli tekst. Rezultati pokazuju da bez obzira na ostvarene kolorimetrijske promjene i različitu kvalitetu tipografske reprodukcije, najbolja čitljivost je ostvarena tiskom u dva sloja.
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