Environmental and Biological Monitoring in a Lead
Objective: The present study was carried out to determine the effect of cadmium exposure on Urinary N-acetyl-beta -D-glucosaminidase and its isoenzymes A and B in workers exposed at cadmium plating.Methods: 50 subjects using cadmium during cadmium plating formed the study group. An equal number of age-sex matched subjects working in administrative section formed the control group. Urinary cadmium levels were determined by using a flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Urinary N-acetyl-beta -D-glucosaminidase and its isoenzymes A and B were determined by using spectrophotmetric method.Results: A significant increase of urinary total N-acetyl-beta -D-glucosaminidase and its isoenzymes A and B profiles were noted in study as compared to controls. The levels of urinary N-acetyl-beta -D-glucosaminidase and its isoenzymes A and B profiles were positively and significantly correlated with cadmium levels in urine. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the effect of urinary cadmium or life style confounding factors (age, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption) on urinary N-acetyl-beta -D-glucosaminidase and its isoenzymes A and B. The analysis showed that the study subjects who had urine cadmium levels greater than 5 μg/g of creatinine, work duration >15 years, smoking and body mass index variables were significantly associated with urinary total N-acetyl-beta -D-glucosaminidase but not on isoenzymes A&B. Conclusion:The results presented in this study shows that the increased levels of urinary Nacetyl-beta -D-glucosaminidase observed in cadmium-exposed workers could be used as biomarkers for suggesting preventive measure.
Pediatric testicular germ cell tumors are rare. Fifteen children, all less than 5 years of age, were evaluated and treated during February 1987 to July 1996. The median age was 18 months (range, 4-60 months). All were staged according to the Pediatric Oncology Group/Children's Cancer Study Group staging system. Seven patients had stage III disease. Histologically, 9 patients had pure endodermal sinus tumor, 1 had endodermal sinus tumor with embryonal carcinoma, 1 had embryonal carcinoma alone, 2 had immature teratoma, and 2 had mature teratoma. Six children were kept on surveillance. All others received chemotherapy with cisplatin, bleomycin, and vinblastine. The 10-year actuarial overall survival rate was 86.7%.
ArticleAssessment of functional integrity of liver Assessment of functional integrity of liver Assessment of functional integrity of liver Assessment of functional integrity of liver Assessment of functional integrity of liver among workers exposed to soluble nickel among workers exposed to soluble nickel among workers exposed to soluble nickel among workers exposed to soluble nickel among workers exposed to soluble nickel compounds during nickel plating compounds during nickel plating compounds during nickel plating compounds during nickel plating compounds during nickel plating AbstractThe present study investigates the functional integrity of liver among workers exposed to nickel during nickel plating process. The functional integrity of liver was assessed in 69 workers who are exposed to nickel during nickel plating and considered as nickel-exposed workers; and 50 administrative workers residing in same city, but away from the place of work of study group, were considered as control group. The level of urine nickel was measured by using a flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Using kits supplied by Bayer Diagnostics, we determined serum markers of liver function tests. Results: The levels of urine nickel were significantly increased in high-and moderate-exposure groups as compared to control group. The levels of serum transaminases -viz, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase-were significantly increased in nickel exposed workers, who had high urine nickel levels as compared to control group. The level of serum albumin was negatively correlated with urine nickel levels. The levels of serum transaminases and serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were positively and significantly correlated with urine nickel levels. Conclusion: Results indicate that workers who had high urine nickel levels had a consistent effect on hepatic inflammatory function.
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