Purpose:
This study aimed to examine the corneal endothelial morphology and thickness in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and compare them with age and sex-matched nondiabetic controls.
Methods:
This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the ophthalmology department of a tertiary hospital consisting of 262 patients (131 with T2DM as cases and 131 without diabetes who served as controls). All patients underwent a comprehensive ocular examination including visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure measurement. Central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variance (CV), and percentage of hexagonal cells (HEX) were compared between the cases and controls. Predictors of corneal endothelial dysfunctions were analyzed. Data analysis was done by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0. Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and Spearman’s rho correlation analysis were used as appropriate.
Results:
Patients with T2DM showed poorer visual acuity and higher intraocular pressure. As compared to controls, patients with T2DM had thicker CCT, lesser ECD, decreased HEX, and higher CV but the differences were statistically nonsignificant. HbA1c levels showed a significant positive correlation with CCT and CV and a negative correlation with ECD. Macroalbuminuria and higher albumin creatinine ratio was associated with an increase in CV in patients with T2DM.
Conclusion:
Our study showed that poorly controlled patients with T2DM and those with macroalbuminuria have corneal endothelial abnormalities.
Background: After cataract surgery many patients complain of foreign body sensation, irritation, redness, blurring of vision which are considered as unwanted effects of the surgery. Aim: To compare dry eye disease following SICS and Phacoemulsification. Material and methods: The present study is a prospective, randomized study conducted on sixty nine patients, from July 2009 to June 2011, attending Outpatient Department of Department of Ophthalmology in a municipal hospital of Delhi. Complete ocular surface examination was done which included questionnaire using OSDI score and slit lamp bio microscope examination, tear film break up time, corneal fluorescein staining, tear meniscus height, Schirmer test-I and Impression cytology. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 16. Results: All the dry eye tests conducted on the eyes undergoing cataract surgery showed deterioration following surgery. Both SICS and Phaco surgery caused significant decrease in TMH, TBUT and ST-I values at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. Fluorescein staining, OSDI score and impression cytology also showed deterioration in the follow up period. Conclusion: Both SICS and Phaco surgery can cause or aggravate dry eye and affect the dry eye test values in the post operative period upto 3 months.
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