The dynamical responses of Coulomb-interacting particles in two-dimensional nanoclusters are analyzed at different temperatures characterizing their solid-and liquid-like behavior. Depending on the trap symmetry, spatial correlations undergo slow, stretched exponential relaxations at long times, arising from spatially correlated motion in string-like paths. Such results stem from the combined effects of confinement and long-range repulsion, making the systems inherently heterogeneous. While particles in a "solid" flow produce dynamic heterogeneities, motion in "liquid" yields an unusually long tail in the distribution of particle displacements. A phenomenological model captures much of the subtleties of our numerical simulations.
We study the temperature dependence of static and dynamic responses of Coulomb interacting particles in two-dimensional confinements across the crossover from solid- to liquid-like behaviors. While static correlations that investigate the translational and bond orientational order in the confinements show the footprints of hexatic-like phase at low temperatures, dynamics of the particles slow down considerably in this phase, reminiscent of a supercooled liquid. Using density correlations, we probe long-lived heterogeneities arising from the interplay of the irregularity in the confinement and long-range Coulomb interactions. The relaxation at multiple time scales show stretched-exponential decay of spatial correlations in irregular traps. Temperature dependence of characteristic time scales, depicting the structural relaxation of the system, show striking similarities with those observed for the glassy systems, indicating that some of the key signatures of supercooled liquids emerge in confinements with lower spatial symmetries.
We study heat conduction mediated by longitudinal phonons in one dimensional disordered harmonic chains. Using scaling properties of the phonon density of states and localization in disordered systems, we find nontrivial scaling of the thermal conductance with the system size. Our findings are corroborated by extensive numerical analysis. We show that a system with strong disorder, characterized by a 'heavy-tailed' probability distribution, and with large impedance mismatch between the bath and the system satisfies Fourier's law. We identify a dimensionless scaling parameter, related to the temperature scale and the localization length of the phonons, through which the thermal conductance for different models of disorder and different temperatures follows a universal behavior.Introduction-The study of heat transport via phonons in low dimensional (spatial dimension d < 3) classical and quantum mechanical systems has attracted considerable theoretical and experimental attention in recent years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. One of the main objectives of these studies is to understand the scaling of heat flux J which, according to Fourier's law [4], should scale with the system size L as J ∝ L −1 (L is measured along the direction of heat propagation). But extensive numerical and analytical studies in the past few decades have revealed the possible violation of Fourier's law for low dimensional systems [10,[12][13][14][15][16]. These studies show that J ∝ L (γ−1) with γ = 0 which in turn implies L-dependent thermal conductivity, κ = lim
We study various properties of the vibrational normal modes for Coulomb-interacting particles in twodimensional irregular confinement using numerical simulations. By analyzing the participation ratio and spectral statistics, we characterize the vibrational modes for Coulomb clusters as localized, quasi-localized and delocalized. We also study a novel correlation function to understand the spatial structure of these different kinds of modes and subsequently extract the associated characteristic length scales. We further demonstrate that, at any given temperature, particles exhibiting larger displacement over a time interval comparable to the structural relaxation time, are strongly correlated with the low-frequency quasi-localized modes of the inherent structure corresponding to the initial configuration. Establishing this correlation for Coulomb clusters paves the path to identify the particular feature of the initial configuration that determines the previously observed heterogeneous dynamics of the particles at low temperatures in these systems.
Disclination lines play a key role in many physical processes, from the fracture of materials to the formation of the early universe. Achieving versatile control over disclinations is key to developing novel electro-optical devices, programmable origami, directed colloidal assembly, and controlling active matter. Here, we introduce a theoretical framework to tailor three-dimensional disclination architecture in nematic liquid crystals experimentally. We produce quantitative predictions for the connectivity and shape of disclination lines found in nematics confined between two thinly spaced glass substrates with strong patterned planar anchoring. By drawing an analogy between nematic liquid crystals and magnetostatics, we find that i) disclination lines connect defects with the same topological charge on opposite surfaces and ii) disclination lines are attracted to regions of the highest twist. Using polarized light to pattern the in-plane alignment of liquid crystal molecules, we test these predictions experimentally and identify critical parameters that tune the disclination lines’ curvature. We verify our predictions with computer simulations and find nondimensional parameters enabling us to match experiments and simulations at different length scales. Our work provides a powerful method to understand and practically control defect lines in nematic liquid crystals.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.