This study depicts that coronary tortuosity is associated with impaired left ventricular relaxation.Thus, coronary tortuosity might be an indicator of impaired left ventricular relaxation.
Although tension-type headache (TTH) is the most common primary headache in the world, much fewer studies on its pathophysiology have been carried out in comparison to other primary headaches. Inflammatory processes are important in the pathophysiology of both peripheral and central pain. Studies on the role of inflammatory markers in TTH patients are limited. Therefore, in this study, it was aimed to examine the role of inflammatory parameters in TTH. 199 TTH patients and 154 control participants were involved in this study. C-reactive protein (CRP) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte (PLR), monocyte/lymphocyte (MLR), HDL/monocyte and Immature/Total granulocyte ratios in all patients reviewed retrospectively. CRP value and immature/total granulocyte ratio were found to be significantly higher in the patient group when compared to the control group. No difference was found between NLR, PLR, MLR, and HDL/Monocyte ratios. There was no difference in NLR, MLR, immature/mature granulocyte ratios, and CRP values between the genders in the patient group. Median values of PLR, HDL, and HDL / monocyte were found to be higher in males. The fact that there is no difference in most of the inflammatory parameters in TTH and there is a significant difference in the immature/total granulocyte ratio is a new finding on this subject. There is no other study in the literature examining the immature/total granulocyte ratio in headaches.
education, nutritional, medical, psychological and sexual counseling and group smoking cessation. All patients participated in low intensity exercise program twice weekly. The patient's symptoms, vitals and medications were evaluated at each visit and clinical and laboratory data, echocardiography and stress myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT) were evaluated before and 3 months after the end of the study.
RESULTSThe mean age was 56.8AE3.1 years and only 2 patients (5%) were females. 22(55%) patients were diabetic, 21 (53%) were hypertensive and 30 (75%) were smokers. It was found that 3 months after completion of CRP, there was a significant decrease in BMI (30.3AE2.9 vs. 31.2AE1.9, p<0.001), and mean blood pressure (93.4AE11 vs. 105AE10.6 mmHg, p<0.001). There was also a favorable effect on lipid profile and a significant improvement of the functional capacity in terms of NYHA functional class (2.1AE0.62 vs. 1.4AE0.6, p<0.001). Despite that wall motion score index did not significantly change after CRP, there was a strong trend towards a better ejection fraction (53.7AE7.8 vs. 54.5AE6.3 %, p¼0.06) and significant improvement of Canadian cardiovascular class (1.42AE0.6 vs. 1.95AE0.5, p<0.001) post CRP. Importantly, the difference between the SPECT-derived summed segmental scores at peak stress and at rest (SDS) was significantly lower after CRP (4.4AE3 vs. 7.2AE3, p<0.001).CONCLUSION Participation in cardiac rehabilitation program improves ischemic burden in patients with IHD who are unfit or not suitable for conventional cardiac revascularization. In addition the decreased ischemic burden, functional capacity, hemodynamic and metabolic profiles also improves for this group of patients and thus, cardiac rehabilitation should be implemented for routine management of those patients.
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