The development of an indigenous psychology has generally been documented by examples of indigenous constructs and conceptual analyses of their emergence. In contrast, the present article proposes an empirical approach. Indigenization is conceived as a gradual process that may be operationalized, and measured by content analysis of journal articles as the discipline develops and changes. Measures are proposed to assess the extent to which the concepts, problems, hypotheses, methods, and tests: (a) emanate from, (b) adequately represent, and (c) reflect back upon, the cultural context in which behaviour is observed. Application of these to 355 empirical and 31 theoretical articles from Indian journals and 39 foreign empirical articles published by Indian psychologists, indicates some slight movement toward an indigenous discipline, and some interesting relationships that assist in understanding its development. Factors contributing to indigenization and the utility of the empirical approach are discussed.
The paper aims to present a theoretical model of projective-inventory (P-I) method of personality assessment and provide empirical findings in the area. This method integrates the positive psychometric aspects of both projective and self-report inventories to achieve scoring objectivity and greater reliability and validity of trait scales (Puhan, 1982). Accordingly, real-life episodes are presented to the subjects as structured projective stimulus situations with three or four interacting characters who may be placed at differentpoints on the trait continuum . Each episode is followed by a number of statements relating to the activities of the characters which are "Agreed" or "Disagreed" by the subjects to ensure objectivity in scoring. The P-I method is satisfactorily evaluated against the requirements of convergent and discriminant validity and has been used to develop a nu mber of personality scales. The paper also presents data of several empirical studies indicating minimal influence of social desirability on projective-inventory scores. The P-I method is described as a trait-in-state approach to personality assessment as it samples situations from a wide range of possibilities and accommodates the trait-state controversies in the area. Besides, it is argued that the utilisation of real-life episodes in the P-I method brings the context back to the testing situation through its narratives to which Indians are quite accustomed. Considering its origin from an Indian anecdote and su itabilityfor India npop ulatio n where social desirabilityposes fargreater challenges for inventory scores, the P-I is described as an indigenous method of personality assessment. Thepaper also calls for the development of scales to measure different contemporary Indian traits utilising the P-I method.As a child I, along with my friends, used to hear stories from my grandmother about a brave young prince who fought fearlessly with the neighbouring Emperor who had earlier annexed several Emperor was forced to enter into a truce and give his beautiful daughter's hand in marriage to the young prince to save himself from a total disaster. Sometimes for a change, my grandmother used to tell us real-life stories which required us to listen carefully and give our opinion and views about the characters in the story. One such story which described an interesting real-life episode related to a joint family consisting of two brothers and their young wives. They lived across a river and worked very hard for their livelihood. Once the wife of the younger brother visited her parent's home which was on the other side of the river. During her absence, the younger brother fell seriously ill and wanted his wife to be brought back to be ~by his side. Realising this, the elder brother crossed the river and fetched his younger brother's wife. By the time both of them arrived at the bank of the river, it was already evening. The young wife was anxious to meet her husband at the earliest.However, the boatman was in no mood to ferry the boat at night. Afte...
Surveys were conducted of the attitudes and opinions of Indian and Bangladeshi psychologists. A series of questions assessed their perceptions of the intellectual climate within universities, their research publication preferences and practices within both national and foreign journals, and the communality of their opinions regarding research priorities and practices within their national psychology. Differences between countries, and within-sample comparisons of psychologists with and without foreign experience and strong preferences to publish in foreign journals revealed some insights about the development of the discipline that may generalize to other developing countries. Strategies for overcoming the lack of a constructive intellectual climate, a major obstacle to discipline development in India and Bangladesh, are considered
The present study attempted to observe the effect of marker variables on WAIS communalities. One hundred undergraduate arts students were tested on all the scales of WAIS (main variables) and all the scales of Differential Aptitude Tests, Culture Fair Intelligence Tests, and Advanced Progressive Matrices. Principal axis factors with Varimax solutions were extracted on WAIS scores under four analytic conditions; with no marker, four marker, eight marker, and thirteen marker scores. The comparison of obtained WAIS communalities in no marker condition separately with those in each of the three marker conditions revealed that they all have increased significantly for the latter ones. However, no progressive increment in the WAIS communalities was marked as the marker variables increased. The findings are discussed in the light of existing theoretical formulations. THE problem of raising the magnitude of test communality (sum of common variances or h2) has become particularly important in the context of psychometric invariance assessment about which much has been written in the past (Puhan
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