Construction projects suffer various problems and complex factors such as cost, duration, quality and safety. Construction sector is diverse as it contains contractors, consultants, designers, owners, and others. The aim of this paper is to identify factors affecting labour productivity at a building construction project. A literature review and factors recommended by experts were considered to categorize the factors. 40 factors, categorized into 5 groups, were analysed and ranked considering Relative Importance Index. The questionnaires were distributed to Project Manager, Project Engineer, Architecture, and Others (Scheduler, and Estimator). It was concluded, final cost of the projects were higher than estimated cost. It's recommended to develop human resources through proper and continuous training programs frame a strong assignment, vision and a planned approach to overcome the disturbances on the performance of the construction projects. The discussed factors are expected to assist in completing construction projects successfully.
Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP) is the use of computer system to help and guide process planners in planning and executing different functions. It has emerged as one of the crucial links between integration of Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM). In this paper, an attempt is made to provide a complete survey of CAPP based on different methodology namely, features and solid model, neural networks, optimization, fuzzy logic, knowledge based, web based, hybrid manufacturing, artificial intelligence, virtual, (STEP)-compliant method. The aim of this paper is to provide an update, in and after year 2000, in field of CAPP systems using survey and representing graphically for easy understanding Keywords: CAPP, CAD, CAM, Methodology, Variant, Generative.
Abstract:In most of agrarian countries people are not having proficient knowledge about the latest technology used in agriculture sector. Agriculture plays a major role in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Farmers are needed to be more innovative with the techniques used for desired profits out of their work. The project "Indigenous farming and revenue generation system" is an innovative idea towards a great future with a mutual interest in farming and great earnings. This project involves automatic drip irrigation system with GSM Module providing instant notification on farmers mobile phones, Solar panel for providing solar energy with energy meter and Fire alarm system for the safety of the crops.The revenue collection system is also introduced in this project to provide extra income to the farmers.
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