Introduction: In developing countries like India, in addition to the infectious diseases, noncommunicablediseases are emerging as signifi cant causes of morbidity and mortality. Workplacespresent a setting which is appropriate for intervention for adults in a community. The aim of this studyis to assess the knowledge, attitude and prevalence of selected risk factors for non-communicablediseases.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the regular employees of the factories.Smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary intake and physical activity were measured through interviewschedules and height, weight and blood pressure were also measured by standard instrument. Anawareness generation program was pre-tested.Results: A total of 545 employees were interviewed. Among them 307 (56.3%) and 238 (43.7%)were manual and non-manual workers respectively. Most of the employees knew [smoking asa risk factor for hypertension (55.2%), heart attack (61.1%) and cancer (78.7%); Alcohol as a riskfactor for hypertension (72.1%), heart attack (73.9%), cancer ( 54.9%); Physical inactivity as a riskfactor for hypertension (82.6%), heart attack (78.5%), diabetes (60.4%) and high fat diet as a riskfactor for hypertension (67.2%), heart attack (64.8%)] that these risk factors lead to different noncommunicablediseases. The prevalence (95% CI) of the risk factors is as follows: male currentsmoker [40.7% (36.4-45.3)], current alcohol consumption [31.0 % (27.2 – 35.1)], sedentary activity[41.2% (37.0 – 45.5)], high fat intake [93.7% (90.2 - 95.5)], over weight [26.9% (23.2 – 30.9)] ; andhypertension [21.0% (17.62 - 24.6)]Conclusions: This study showed that the risk factors for non-communicable diseases are prevalentin factory employees. Implementation of the risk factors control programme is desirable and there isan interest among employees and management.Key Words: alcohol consumption, diet, over weight, physical activity, risk factor, smoking
Yoga and meditation have become widely accepted as nonpharmacologic modalities for stress and anxiety reduction as well as general health. Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) School of Health Sciences (SOHS) launched a six months-long Certificate Programme in Yoga (CPY) in July 2019 for students who have cleared their 12th class. The objective of this study was to find out the effects of online yoga training on self-perceived stress among the students of the CPY programme enrolled during the academic year 2021. This was a study with both pre- and post-tests and was carried out on the students of the CPY programme between March and December 2021. A total of 69 and 81 students participated from the January 2021 and July 2021 batches, respectively. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was used as a tool to measure the level of stress. A structured close-ended questionnaire was sent by Google Forms to ascertain self-perceived stress. The total mean value of the PSS score after online yoga training decreased from 18 + 5.9 SD in the pretest to 13.7 + 6.5 SD in the post-test of students from the January 2021 batch, and from 17.4 + 5.8 SD in the pre-test to 13.1 + 5.6 SD in the post-test of students from the July 2021 batch. The difference of mean value of pre-test and post-test of both the batches of students after online yoga training were significant (p value < 0.0001). The online yoga training was effective in reduction of perceived stress score among the students of the Certificate Programme in Yoga (CPY).
Medical Education is the backbone of health care of a country. Over the years medical education in India has been restricted mainly to the conventional system of education where graduation and post-graduation is offered through a network of medical colleges both by the government and the private institutions. However, they are not only a far cry for the health manpower resource of the country, but also are not able to address the continuing medical education requirements of the medical fraternity which is the dire need today due to changing disease patterns, advancement in medical management and technologies being increasingly used for diagnosis and treatment. Indira Gandhi National Open University through it’s School of Health Sciences established in 1991 has been offering a variety of continuing medical education programmes for doctors through open and distance mode using the blended approach. Through this panel discussion, the speakers will demonstrate the different models that have been adopted over the period of almost three decades. Awareness and skill enhancing programmes have been developed in the area of health care like yoga and health care waste management, targeted to a mixed group of health professionals and paraprofessionals. Innovative models have been developed for Continuing Medical Education of in-service doctors and dentists for updating their knowledge and providing hands on training in programme specific skills at identified medical colleges and hospitals both at the tertiary and district level. Subjects not covered in the conventional system like MCH, HIV medicine, Geriatric medicine and CBRNE disasters have been taken up. Experimental models have also been developed for PG Medical Education targeting doctors for specialization and super specialization for statutory recognition of the qualification. These programmes when offered through the blended mode would be more cost effective and feasible for a larger target group as compared to the conventional system.
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