Bivalent histone modifications and the associated histone-modifying complexes safeguard proper and robust differentiation of stem cells, thus playing an essential role in development.

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Enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL), from straw bioethanol process, was activated using NaOH/urea aqueous solution under low temperature condition to enhance its sulfonation degree and dispersion property. The sulfonation degree of EHL increased by 62.60% after the activation of NaOH/urea aqueous solution at −10 °C for 12 h, which is resulted from the breakage of the hydrogen bonds and ether bonds in lignin−carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) and the removal of residual carbohydrate. The functional group content, 2D-HSQC, and AFM analysis indicated that the increase of phenolic groups and the weakened aggregation degree of EHL after the activation are in favor of the increase of activity sites and decrease of steric hindrance, which is beneficial to the enhancement of sulfomethylation reactivity. Owing to the enhancement of reactivity, the dispersion properties of sulfomethylated EHL on graphite suspension were significantly enhanced.

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As an important parameter of structural health monitoring, strain can be an important indicator for stress concentration and crack development. And stress/crack can effectively evaluate the health status of the structure. Micro-strip antenna strain sensing technology, as a passive wireless detection technology, is of great significance to the health monitoring of high-end equipment bearing structures. In this work, the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology is combined with the micro-strip antenna technology. And the micro-strip antenna is used as the tag antenna to receive the energy emitted by the RFID reader and activate the tag chip of the RFID. Then the signal modulation technology is used to eliminate the noise interference in the environment, and the resonant frequency of the antenna changes with the strain/crack information is returned to the reader to realize the passive wireless strain and crack detection. Through the experiment, it proves that under different strain/crack states, the resonant frequency of the RFID-based antenna sensor decreases with the increase of strain or the increase of the depth of the crack.