Objectives: Neutropenic diet (ND) was once considered to be important for the protection of patients from neutropenia when chemotherapy continued. The nutritional problems that neutropenic patients are struggling with include decreased quality of life, inadequate nutrition, prolonged hospital stay, gastrointestinal complications, avoidance of food and decrease in cell mediated immunity resulting from vitamin deficiencies. This cross-sectional trial aimed to evaluate the effect of ND adherence on malnutrition and hospital stay. Material and Method: Between 1st July to 1st December 2017, 60 consecutive children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated in University of Health Science Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Research and Training Hospital who were between 1 to 18 years of age and of whom 58.3% (n=35) were boys and 41.7% (n=25) were girls included in the study. Baseline data collection included demographic and anthropometric information (body weight, height, mid upper arm circumference, skinfold thickness); medical history and adherence to ND was evaluated with a dietary survey method with questions asking actual dietary adherence based on the frequency of food consumed within limited food categories. Results: The adherence rate was 61.7% (n=37) for ND. The hospital stay was actually significantly lower in the low ND adherence (p=0.027). Patients in the ND adhering group had no statistically significant difference in malnutrition risk compared to ND incompatible patients (p=0.524). Conclusion:ND extends the length of stay in the hospital while it does not affect malnutrition status. Dietary guidelines with fewer limitations for children with cancer would be helpful for improving nutritional status and shortening hospital stays.

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Amaç: Uyku, canlının dış uyaranlara tepki eşiğinin arttığı tersine çevrilebilir bir durumdur. İyi bir gece uykusu, sağlığın ve yaşam kalitesinin en önemli bileşenlerinden biridir ve kısa veya uzun uyku süresi obezite ile ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada, İstanbul'da özel bir hastanenin vardiyalı veya vardiyasız çalışanlarında beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) ve bel çevresi ile uyku kalitesi ve vardiya durumunun karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: İki yüz iki katılımcıya anket uygulanmış ve Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi indeksi puanları değerlendirilmiş ve uyku günlüğü doldurmuştur. Katılımcıların bel çevresi, boy ve kiloları ölçülmüş, BKİ değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Sonuçlar vardiya durumuna ve uyku kalitesine göre değerlendirilmiş, vardiyalı çalışan kadın katılımcıların uyku kalitesi anlamlı olarak kötü bulunmuştur. Vardiya durumuna göre, vardiyalı olmayan çalışanların BKİ ve bel çevresi, vardiyalı çalışanlardan cinsiyete bakılmaksızın, anlamlı derecede yüksek olarak saptanmıştır. Kadın ve erkek katılımcılarda vardiya sıklığı arttıkça ortalama BKİ değerlerinin azaldığı, uyku kalitesi kötü olan ve vardiyalı olmayan çalışanların daha yüksek BKİ değerlerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Vardiyalı ve vardiyalı olmayan çalışanlar arasında uyku kalitesi, bel çevresi ve BKİ arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen güncel literatürde sonuçlar tartışmalıdır ve netleştirilmesine ihtiyaç vardır. Bu sonuçlara dayanarak hem bireysel hem de işveren bazlı önlemler iyi organize edilmelidir.

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Objective Since obesity is a multifactorial disease, some health professionals may esteem that weight control is a matter of personal willpower and stigmatize individuals. These weight-based attitudes seem quite common even among dietitians. This study aimed to determine whether the level of weight bias affects the dietary approaches of the dietitians. Methods Two hypothetical cases with obese and normal weight vignettes were created to be evaluated, and the explicit weight bias was assessed by the fat phobia scale among 99 dietitians via an online questionnaire. Results The majority of the dietitians demonstrated mild or moderate levels of weight bias (59.6% and 32.3%, respectively). The obese vignette had the highest agreement for nearly all adjectives and was perceived as having poorer diet quality, general health status, and insufficient physical activity level. Conclusion Overall, as weight bias is a concerning issue among most dietitians, necessary steps are required for the reduction of prejudice and thus protect the patients from stigmatizing attitudes.

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Adipose tissue functions and alterations due to EDCs Obesity is a global health problem in recent years. 1,2 Adipose tissue was known as a fat storage tissue increasing with the rise of the body mass index the indicator of obesity. Recently it is well known that adipose tissue is not only a storage tissue but also has endocrine and metabolic functions. 3,4 The major body weight regulators and inflammatory agents such as leptin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) is controlled by adipose tissue.These regulators stimulate food intake, metabolic efficiency, and energy storage. 4,5 Interruptions in endocrine functions of adipose tissue may contribute to obesity. 6 Many environmental chemicals, are mainly lipophilic and accumulate in adipose tissue, affect actions of hormones so these chemicals have been defined as endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs) or endocrine disruptors. 1,7 With the increase in production of EDCs in the world parallels the global obesity prevalence increases. 8,9 Obesogens as xenobiotic chemicals which bring about decreasing detoxification mechanism of body may alter the normal progress of adipogenesis or energy balance. 3,8,10,11 EDC contamination EDCs occur at all parts of the environment as they are present in surface and ground water, in rivers, lakes, oceans; in precipitates,