Industrial agglomeration is one of the primary driving factors in city creation, and the improvement of urban land green use efficiency (ULGUE) is an important part in green development. This study concentrates on the impact of industrial agglomeration on ULGUE in the process of urbanization. Based on the panel data of 283 cities in China from 2003 to 2019, this paper constructs a super efficiency SBM-DEA model including unexpected outputs to evaluate ULGUE. Using a spatial Durbin model, we examine the spatial spillover effects of manufacturing and productive services agglomeration on ULGUE. The results show the following: (1) There has been fluctuation over the study period, which can be classified into three stages, and ULGUE in China as a whole is on the rise. (2) Chinese ULGUE has increased greatly in the western and northeastern regions, changed massively in the eastern region, and stayed largely steady in the middle region. The degree of manufacturing agglomeration is further improved, exhibiting a feature resembling a ladder, with high concentrations in the southeast coastal region and low concentrations in the interior. Production service industry agglomeration intensity has declined, revealing a more dispersed spatial pattern. (3) The rise in local ULGUE will have a beneficial impact on the ULGUE of spatially correlated regions, according to ULGUE’s relatively strong spillover effect. (4) Manufacturing agglomerations can enhance the ULGUE in the neighborhood, but it is not obvious how this will impact the local regions. The agglomeration of production service industry can enhance the improvement of ULGUE in local and spatially correlated regions, but the direct effect is weak. (5) The integration of the manufacturing and productive service industry does not quite strengthen its stimulatory effects on the growth of ULGUE.
Achieving common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and promoting regional coordinated development (RCD) is an important path to achieving common prosperity. This study uses data from Zhejiang Province from 2011 to 2020, a demonstration zone of common prosperity, to construct an evaluation model of RCD, assess the regional development level and coordinated development degree, and then analyze the regional differences and spatial correlation pattern of RCD. The following results were obtained: (1) The economic, social, and ecological subsystems of all cities or counties show a continuous or fluctuating rise, and the regional coordinated development level of each study unit also shows a rising trend. This shows that steady regional development is the fundamental material basis for common prosperity. (2) The level of economic and social development shows a pattern of high in the north and low in the south, while the level of ecological development shows a pattern of high in the south and low in the north. The level of RCD evolves from a very uneven spatial distribution to a good level of coordinated development in most cities. It shows that the equalization of development among regions is a realistic manifestation of common prosperity. (3) The level of RCD in Zhejiang Province has greater intra-regional than inter-regional differences, and the differences in RCD in the north are greater than those in the south. The differences between regions have been narrowing. It shows a significant positive spatial correlation, with high-value regions tending to be adjacent to high-value regions and low-value regions tending to be adjacent to low-value regions. In sum, the development of Zhejiang Province in the last decade provides evidence of its role as a demonstration zone for common prosperity. It confirms that coordinated regional development is the fundamental way to achieve common prosperity.
Government policy is crucial to control air pollution, while industrial structure upgrading and green technology progress are needed to optimize air pollution control performance (APCP). Meanwhile, policy spillovers from one region to another affect the APCP. This study applied systems theory to explain the mechanisms that drive both environmental policy spillover and APCP. We evaluated the APCPs of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2006 to 2020 using a super-efficiency SBM-DEA model. We then analyzed the paths by which industry and technology drive APCP using a spatial Durbin model (SDM) and investigated heterogeneity across different regional governance groups. The effects generated by the regulatory spillover of air pollutants were decomposed into four subsystems: chain transmission effect, vibration effect, ripple effect, and halo effect. The results show the following: (1) Throughout the study period, the APCP of most of the regional governance groups in the Yangtze River Delta region showed a fluctuating trend with continuous improvement. The APCP was higher and more stable in the Zhejiang Province in the southeast, and lower and more drastic in the Jiangsu and Anhui Provinces in the north, and shows a significant positive spatial correlation. (2) Industrial structure upgrading and green technology progress had different impact paths on the APCP. Industrial structure upgrading had a significant indirect contribution to the APCP, but the direct effect was not significant. Green technology progress had a significant direct inhibitory effect and an indirect promoting effect on the APCP. (3) In the optimization path of the APCP, industrial structure upgrading played a more important role than green technology progress, but they did not reinforce each other’s enhancement of the APCP. (4) There was regional heterogeneity in the impacts of industry and technology on the APCP. The paths and actual effects of industry and technology on the APCP varied greatly among different regional governance groups.
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