Transition‐metal (Fe, Co, Ni) based metal‐organic framework materials with controllable structures, large surface areas and adjustable pore sizes have attracted wide research interest for use in next‐generation electrochemical energy‐storage devices. This review introduces the synthesis of transition‐metal (Fe, Co, Ni) based metal‐organic frameworks and their derivatives with the focus on their application in supercapacitors and batteries.

Nanoparticle/MOF materials usually have new or enhanced applications compared with bare MOF or NPs.

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Recently, transition-metal phosphides and phosphates have been recognized as candidates for electrochemical energy storage and conversion application. However, the preparation of such materials usually requires high energy consumption and toxic precursors which are considered to be drawbacks for real applications. In this study, we report ambient temperature synthesis of transition-metal phosphates for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and supercapacitors. The prepared iron-doped porous nickel pyrophosphate (NFPy) nanoparticle is synthesized via simple stirring in ambient temperature using only the precursor for Ni, Fe, and pyrophosphate without any heat treatment. The usage of pyrophosphate promotes facile Ni oxidation and high chemical stability, which overall is beneficial for electrochemical applications and the environment. The OER performance of NFPy shows promising results which required an overpotential of 0.210 V to reach 10 mA·cm–2. Also, with the help of carbon nanotubes, the supercapacitor using NFPy exhibits a good electrochemical performance with a capacity of 517 C·g–1 at 1 A·g–1. The prepared NFPy possesses excellent long-term chemical stability that maintained its chemical valence state and electrochemical performance for over 8 months despite the exposure of air.

High voltage aqueous electrochemical energy storage devices have gained significant attention recently due to their high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. Through the addition of a solid‐electrolyte interphase, usage of a concentrated electrolyte or adjustment of the pH of their electrolytes, it is hopeful to endow these aqueous energy‐storage devices with a broadened voltage. Among all of them, aqueous lithium‐ion batteries have a longer lifespan and a promising future in energy storage systems. Herein, aqueous batteries will be introduced by demonstrating their voltage improvement approaches and progress is focused.

As a promising anodic material for rechargeable batteries, Sb2O3 has drawn increasing attention due to its high theoretical capacity and abundant natural deposits. However, poor cyclability and rate performance of Sb2O3 derived from a large volume change during insertion/desertion reactions as well as a sluggish kinetic process restrict its practical application. Herein, we report a facile amorphous-to-crystalline strategy to synthesize a densely packed Sb2O3 nanosheet-graphene aerogel as a novel anode for sodium ion batteries (SIBs). This Sb2O3/graphene composite displays a reversible capacity as high as 657.9 mA h g-1 even after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g-1, along with an excellent rate capacity of 356.8 mA h g-1 at 5.0 A g-1. The superior electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of densely packed Sb2O3 nanosheets and graphene aerogel, which serves as both a robust support and stable buffer layer to maintain the structural stability of the nanocomposite, and enhances the electrode kinetics of electrolyte diffusion and electron transfer simultaneously. Hence, this densely-packed two-dimensional Sb2O3 nanosheet-graphene aerogel can be a promising anode material for rechargeable SIBs due to its facile synthesis process and outstanding electrochemical performance.