Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) is an uncommon autosomal dominant chronic keratinization disorder, characterized by multiple superficial keratotic lesions surrounded by a slightly raised keratotic border. Thus far, although two loci for DSAP have been identified, the genetic basis and pathogenesis of this disorder have not been elucidated yet. In this study, we performed a genome-wide linkage analysis in three Chinese affected families and localized the gene in an 8.0 cM interval defined by D12S330 and D12S354 on chromosome 12. Upon screening 30 candidate genes, we identified a missense mutation, p.Ser63Asn in SSH1 in one family, a frameshift mutation, p.Ser19CysfsX24 in an alternative variant (isoform f) of SSH1 in another family, and a frameshift mutation, p.Pro27ProfsX54 in the same alternative variant in one non-familial case with DSAP. SSH1 encodes a phosphatase that plays a pivotal role in actin dynamics. Our data suggested that cytoskeleton disorganization in epidermal cells is likely associated with the pathogenesis of DSAP.
In this paper, a new sinusoidal cascade chaotic map model is proposed, which constructs chaotic system by sinusoidal cascade of two identical 1D chaotic maps. The simulation results show that the proposed sinusoidal cascade chaotic mapping model can generate 1D chaotic system with wider parameter range and wider chaotic region. To verify its application in image encryption, a chaotic image encryption algorithm based on spiral traversal and finite field bidirectional diffusion is proposed. The pseudo-random sequences generated by three kinds of 1D chaotic maps improved by the sinusoidal cascade chaotic map model are used as the ciphers of the cryptosystem. Among them, SHA-256, SHA-512 and plaintext image are combined to generate the initial value of the system. The experimental results and security analysis show that the encryption algorithm designed in this paper can effectively resist exhaustive attack, differential attack, noise attack and so on, and has superior performance in encryption speed and security.
Synthetic goethite (FeOOH), magnesium oxide (MgO), and cerium oxide (CeO2) were used as catalysts to enhance the ozonation of filtered raw river water.
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