GSH-mediated
liver biotransformation is a crucial physiological
process demanding efficient research tools. Here, we report a type
of amorphous Fe
x
Mn
y
O nanoparticles (AFMO-ZDS NPs) as redox-activated probes for in vivo visualization of the dynamics of GSH-mediated biotransformation
in liver with T
1-weighted magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI). This imaging technique reveals the periodic variations
in GSH concentration during the degradation of AFMO-ZDS NPs due to
the limited transportation capacity of GSH carriers in the course
of GSH efflux from hepatocytes to perisinusoidal space, providing
direct imaging evidence for this important carrier-mediated process
during GSH-mediated biotransformation. Therefore, this technique offers
an effective method for in-depth investigations of GSH-related biological
processes in liver under various conditions as well as a feasible
means for the real-time assessment of liver functions, which is highly
desirable for early diagnosis of liver diseases and prompt a toxicity
evaluation of pharmaceuticals.
The
unsatisfactory performance of current gadolinium chelate based T
1 contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) stimulates the search for better alternatives. Herein,
we report a new strategy to substantially improve the capacity of
nanoparticle-based T
1 CAs by exploiting
the photoinduced superhydrophilic assistance (PISA) effect. As a proof
of concept, we synthesized citrate-coated Gd-doped TiO2 ellipsoidal nanoparticles (GdTi-SC NPs), whose r
1 increases significantly upon UV irradiation. The reduced
water contact angle and the increased number of surface hydroxyl groups
substantiate the existence of the PISA effect, which considerably
promotes the efficiency of paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE)
and thus the imaging performance of GdTi-SC NPs. In vivo MRI of SD rats with GdTi-SC NPs further demonstrates that GdTi-SC
NPs could serve as a high-performance CA for sensitive imaging of
blood vessels and accurate diagnosis of vascular lesions, indicating
the success of our strategy.
Simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers in complex environments is critical for the in‐depth exploration of different biological processes, which is challenging for many current analytical methods due to various limitations. Herein, we report a strategy of 19F barcoding which takes the advantages of 19F's high magnetic resonance (MR) sensitivity, prompt signal response to environmental changes, negligible biological background, quantitative signal output, and multiplex capacity. A set of 19F‐barcoded sensors responding to different biomarkers involved in organ injury and cancer are designed, synthesized, and characterized. With these sensors, we accomplish concurrent assessment of different biomarkers in the samples collected from the mice with drug‐induced liver/kidney injury or tumor, illustrating the feasibility of this approach for multiplexed detection of different biomarkers in complex environments during various biological processes.
The poor tumor delivery efficiency remains a significant challenge for the integrated nanoplatform for diagnosis and treatment. Nanotherapeutics capable of aggregation in response to the tumor microenvironment has received considerable...
Norepinephrine (NE), acting as both a neurotransmitter and hormone, plays a significant role in regulating the action of the brain and body. Many studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between mental disorders and aberrant NE levels. Therefore, it is of urgent demand to develop in vivo analytical methods of NE for diagnostic assessment and mechanistic investigations of mental diseases. Herein, we report a 19F MRI probe (NRFP) for sensing and imaging NE, which is constructed by conjugating a gadolinium chelate to a fluorine‐containing moiety through a NE‐responsive aromatic thiocarbonate linkage. The capacity and specificity of NRFP for detecting NE is validated with in vitro detecting/imaging experiments. Furthermore, the feasibility of NRFP for visualizing NE in animals is illustrated by ex vivo and in vivo imaging experiments, demonstrating the promising potential of NRFP for selective detection and specific imaging of NE in deep tissues of living subjects.
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