Teucrium creticum L. and T. orientale L. var. orientale are two related taxa in Teucrium sect. Teucrium. In this study, the value of anatomical and micromorphological characters for distinguishing between these two taxa is analysed. Transverse sections of the stem, as well as both transverse and surface sections of the leaves were examined anatomically. According to the data obtained, collenchyma and sclerenchyma do grow more in T. creticum than in T. orientale var. orientale. The leaves of T. creticum are hypostomatic and have a characteristic hypodermis, which is under the upper epidermis, as well as abundant spherocrystals in the upper epidermis. The leaves of T. orientale var. orientale are amphistomatic, yet no spherocristals exists in epidermal cells and the hypodermis is absent. The results obtained from studies carried out under scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows that the nutlet micromorphology varies between the two taxa. In both taxa, the nutlet surfaces are reticulate and glandular. Eglandular hairs do occur. However, in T. orientale var. orientale, 20–60 μm long eglandular hairs with scabrid surface occur only along the margins of the nutlets, whereas the ¾ dorsal sides of the nutlets in T. creticum are all covered with 90–500 μm long, smooth‐surfaced hairs. Additionally, while the glandular hairs on the nutlets of T. creticum are subsessile, those on the nutlets of T. orientale var. orientale are capitate and distinctly stalked.
The genus Scrophularia Linnaeus (1753: 619) (Scrophulariaceae) is represented by approximately 270 taxa (species and subspecies) worldwide (Olivencia 2009). It is restricted primarily to the North Temperate Zone (Carlbom 1968). The primary centre of diversity of Scrophularia is located in the Irano-Turanian region. The Mediterranean region is also an important area of diversity and for the endemism rate of Scrophularia (Scheunert & Heubl 2014).
The new species Nonea dumanii, endemic to the mountains of the western Taurus in south Turkey (C4 Antalya), is described an illustrated based on original collections by the authors. Karyological observations and analysis of ITS1 DNA sequences showed that the species is probably hexaploid with 2n 6x 60 and has phylogenetic affinity to the diploid N. monticola from the Paphlagonian mountains as well as to the tetraploid N. anchusoides from northwest Iran and southeast Turkey. From these allopatric species it is morphologically distinct in characters of the indumentum, flower and fruit. Polyploidy is supported as a major driving force for speciation in Nonea, especially in the group of Anatolian mountain species with primary base number x 10.
Cities have undergone many changes and transformations in functional and physical terms since the beginning of urban life. In this process, urbanization activities experienced at a global level have caused numerous environmental, social, cultural, and economic problems. As a result, cities in Turkey became places where ecological imbalances and environmental problems are encountered frequently.In this study, the Kastamonu University campus area of which is still under planning and construction phase was selected as the sample area for the purpose of decreasing the effects of these problems and realizing natural landscape values within the city. There was an attempt to detect herbaceous species among the natural landscape values in the area. It was further suggested that the species that were detected with both informing and aesthetic features should be assessed, providing sustainability of the species of Hyacinthella micrantha (Boiss.) Chouard, which is endemic, Euphorbia cardiophylla Boiss.&Heldr., and Salvia hypargeia Fisch.&C.A.Mey by protecting them using in-situ and ex-situ methods.
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