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This paper featured a study on undoped and Indium doped Gadolinium oxide Gd2O3: In thin films, elaborated on a glass substrates at temperature of 500 °C by homemade Spray Pyrolysis technique, at different Indium concentrations as follow 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 at %. This thin layers, where a subjects to a numerous characterization techniques to study the effect caused by introducing the dopant element “Indium” in Gadolinium oxide lattice on the structural properties (X-Ray Diffraction and Raman spectroscopy) and optical properties. The structural characterization carried by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals a polycrystalline Monoclinic B-type structure for all Gd2O3:In thin films. Moreover, these findings are verified by the Raman spectroscopy results. Concerning the optical properties of our thin films, the optical measurements carried by UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer shows an increase in the transmittance value within the visible region [370-900 nm] and in the band gap energy value by raising Indium doping rate from 0 at % to 6 at %, also the disorder caused inside the thin films were estimated by the Urbach equation. That said, the 2 at % Indium doped gadolinium oxide thin film provides interesting results that can be applied in solar cells as an optical window material.

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Metal nanohole arrays are a famous example of plasmonic nanostructured materials, which are crucial plasmonic devices that display resonances and high electromagnetic confinement in the visible and near-infrared range. Therefore, they have been suggested for use in many applications, including communications and biosensing. In this work, we present the asymmetry in nanoholes and examine its impact on the electromagnetic response using numerical models and broadband experimental measurements. We fabricated a 2D hexagonal array of asymmetric nanoholes in Ag using a low-cost production method called nanosphere lithography combined with tilted silver evaporation. Our experimental setup is based on a laser with fine input and output polarization control that is broadly controllable in the near-infrared spectrum.When the nanohole array is activated with linear polarization, we next determine the circular polarization degree of the transmitted light. We explain the asymmetry of the nanohole, which is supported by numerical simulations, as the cause of the imbalance between left and right transmitted light. We propose that such straightforward plasmonic shape could be optimized to create multipurpose flat-optic devices.