Background:The domestic smoke exposure increases the risk of a range of common and serious diseases. Further, association of exposure with chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive lung disease is quite well established in recent researches. This work was carried out to determine the health impact of indoor air pollution in rural hill region of Nepal. Methods:A cross-sectional study on health impact of indoor air pollution to exposed kitchen dwellers and children, was done using random sampling method devised with probability proportion in Malikarjun Village Development Committee, Nepal. This study was conducted in two phases, in first phase. Adult kitchen dwellers were assessed for prevalence of respiratory disorder while in second phase, during three months Acute Respiratory Infection episodes of children below two years were recorded.Results: Eight kinds of respiratory ailments and related symptoms were prevalent in adult respondents of 42 households. Cough phlegm, breathlessness, wheezing, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and bronchial asthma were significantly varied with higher exposure category (P<0.05) and smoking habit (P<0.01). Peak expiratory flow rate PEFR results significantly varied with both smoking habit and exposure level both in male and female (P<0.01). Correlation analysis denoted higher prevalence of diseases and symptoms in smokers (r = 0.464; P<0.01). Acute Respiratory Infection episodes per child was significant in grade I (P<0.01) and grade II (P<0.05) for both exposure level and parental smoking habit. Conclusions:A significant association between exposure of Indoor Air Pollution and prevalence of respiratory disorders and related symptoms in kitchen dwelling adults and children was found.Key words: acute respiratory infection, exposure duration, indoor air pollution, prevalence, respiratory disorder.
Introduction: COVID-19 poses a great challenge to the global health system. The nurses worked in COVID ward and fever clinic act as gatekeepers to the health care system in the public health response to COVID-19 epidemic. The consequences of lockdown, quarantine of COVID-19 pandemic has not only caused physical sufferings but also affected the mental health of the nurses around the globe. This study aimed to assess psychological impact and associated factors of COVID 19 pandemic among nurses working in different level of hospital at Bharatpur Municipality Chitwan, Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 150 nurses working in different hospitals of Bharatpur Municipality. Non-probability Purposive Sampling Technique was used and Data was collected via online survey using Google Form questionnaire. COVID-19 peritraumatic distress index (CPDI) questionnaire was used to find out psychological impact. Statistical analysis of data was done using SPSS version 20. Results: Total of 150 nurses were involved in the study where 99.3% were female, 45.3% in the age group of 26-35 years, mean age 27.22±6.612 years, 87.2% bachelor in nursing. Mild to moderate peritraumatic distress was found in 47.33% and 16% of respondents found to have severe distress level. Chi-square test showed that respondents level of knowledge (p=0.003) and presence of chronic disease (p=0.007) was statistically significant with level of distress. Conclusions: Majority of the nurses had some form of psychological distress. Study highlights the need for counseling for distress and mental health during COVID-19 pandemic. A focus on improving mental wellbeing of nurses should be immediately initiated.
Intestinal parasitosis is one of the major public health and socio-economic problems in Nepal. It is ranked among the top10 morbidities in Nepal. Fecal samples were collected from the patients attending to different hospitals and privatelaboratories throughout the Myagdi district. A total of 985 participants were included in the study. The age ranged from 1to 86 years. Commonly affected age group was of below 15 years. Male to female ratio was 1.3:1. The general prevalence of infection with different types of intestinal parasites was 14.7% (145). The fecal examination revealed different types of helminths (7.2%) and protozoan (7.5%). Giardia lamblia was the most common parasite (5.5%), followed by Entamoeba histolytica 2.0%, Ascaris lumbricoides 4.0%, Hookworm 1.8%, Trichuris trichiura 0.8%, Hymenolepis nana 0.4% and Taenia spp 0.2%. Multiple parasites were observed in 11 samples. Higher prevalence rates of parasitic infections were seen among children.
Background: Malnutrition is responsible directly or indirectly for over half of all childhood deaths. Infants and young children are higher risk of malnutrition from six months of age onwards. The aim of the present study was to assess the complementary feeding practice and nutritional status of children between 6-23 months attending pediatric OPD of Bharatpur Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal. Methods: A cross sectional, study was conducted among 333 mothers and their children aged 6-23 months from July to November 2022. The data was collected through semi-structured interview schedule from mothers along with infant anthropometric measurement. The data was analyzed in SPSS 26 version. Results: Overall prevalence of malnutrition was 46%. Among them the prevalence of wasting, stunting and under-weight were 35.29%, 32.67% and 32.02%, respectively. There were significant association between the education qualification, occupation of mother, type of delivery, number of children, timely introduction of complementary feeding, egg consumption, and on demand breastfeeding with wasting. Conclusions: Quiet practice of complementary feeding and noticeable prevalence of malnutrition were found among children 6-23 months of age children. These outcomes focus the need to increase the complementary feeding practices ultimately improve the nutritional status of children.
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