Teaching of Anatomy and the use of dissection in undergraduate teaching is witnessing a major change in medical colleges of India. Undergraduate medical students in India go through an extensive Anatomy teaching by dissection. There has been much debate about use of dissection or prossected part Anatomy teaching and both sides of argument are significant. Many issues have been debated about variety of responses of undergraduate medical students to human cadaver, problems faced by students who are taught by dissection or by prossected part teaching and relative costs and educational merits of using cadaver with alternative methods. The present study is an attempt to express our views in this ongoing debate based on the views of undergraduate students gathered by their participation in this questionnaire based study. It was noted that both MBBS and BDS students found dissection as a tool that helps them in better understanding of Anatomy and provides to visualize different organs of human body and their relationship.
Cellphone technology has tremendously grown in its market and uses in the last decade. But it's overutilization has led to the development of new problems also. Objectionable cellphone use can be accounted for in the form of technological addiction, which can develop depression, anxiety, and other health problems. Depression is the third leading cause of global disease burden if it continues; by 2030, it will become the leading cause of disease burden. Stress or addiction can lead to the development of psychiatric disorders or vice versa. These stressors lead to the neuroinflammatory response, resulting in an exaggerated response to subsequent pro-inflammatory challenges. This study was done with an objective to explore levels of Interleukin-6 and CRP in smartphone-addicted and depressed individuals. Seventy-five cases and 75 healthy controls were selected for the study. Depression was diagnosed by Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) and cellphone addiction was evaluated by smartphone addition scale-short version (SPAS) and their serum sample was evaluated for IL-6 and CRP according to protocol. Overall Mean score of HAMD in cases was 12.21 and in controls was 4.68. Mean score of SPAS scale in cases and controls was (37.75, 17.43) respectively. Mean IL-6 levels of cases and controls (21.03±35.85, 11.07±13.61 pg/ml) respectively with the significance of (p=0.026). Higher levels of the systemic inflammatory biochemical marker IL-6 in cases are associated with depression. Smartphone addiction scores are in correlation with depression scores but not in association with interleukin-6 or CRP levels. Females of a young age are more prone to depression and smartphone addiction together. Early assessment and diagnosis could be helpful in preventing further more damage to social and mental vicinity of individuals. Inflammatory pathways may provide important new interpolation and anticipation targets for these ailments.
The foremost causes of death in developed and developing countries both are cardiovascular disorders. Higher concentration of lipids in pre term neonates may increase their future risk of cardiovascular diseases. Early diagnosis and dietary modifications and proper management may rectify the risk factors and prevent future risk of cardiovascular disease. Our study aims to compare lipid profiles and atherogenic index in the cord blood of pre-term and full-term neonates. It is a retrospective and observational study conducted for a period of one year from December 2018 to November 2019 in the Departments of Biochemistry and Gynecology of Santosh Medical College and Hospitals, Ghaziabad and K D Medical College Hospital and Research center. Among 60 neonates including 30 (50%) term and 30 (50%) preterm, TC, TG, LDL, VLDL, were raised in preterm when compared to term babies while HDL level was significantly increased (<0.05) in a term as compared to preterm babies. This study supports inverse relation between gestational age and lipid profile and this deranged lipid profile preterm group could be a threat or among factors for the future development of Atherosclerotic and cardiovascular diseases in their former part of life.
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