BackgroundFirst to third instars of Diaphania indica (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) feed on the lower surface of leaves, while fourth and fifth instars gregariously consume leaves of Trichosanthes anguina L. After defoliating, the caterpillar also attacks flowers and fruits of the plant and finally, results in loss of crop yield. Therefore, behavioral responses of D. indica adults were investigated to volatiles from undamaged (UD), insect‐damaged (ID, plants after feeding by D. indica larvae) and jasmonic acid (JA) treated T. anguina plants.ResultsFemales showed attraction to volatiles of UD and ID plants of three T. anguina cultivars [MNSR‐1 (MNS), Baruipur Long (BAR) and Polo No. 1 (POLO)] in Y‐tube olfactometer bioassays. Females did not show significant negative responses from volatiles of JA treated plants. Females were more attracted to volatiles of ID plants than UD plants. Females showed attraction to volatiles of UD or ID plants compared to JA treated plants. Females were attracted to certain synthetic blends resembling volatiles of insect‐damaged MNS, BAR and POLO plants in olfactometer bioassays. Females could not distinguish among these three certain synthetic blends in olfactometer bioassays. A synthetic blend of 3Z‐hexen‐1‐ol, α‐pinene, hexyl acetate, benzyl alcohol and 6Z‐nonenal at mole ratios of 1.47:1.20:1:1.82:1.21 was prepared at 20 mg/mL dichloromethane and 100 μL when used as lure in funnel traps resulted in the capture of the highest number of D. indica adults in field trails.ConclusionThe earlier five‐component chemical lure could be used in traps in an integrated pest management program of the insect pest, D. indica. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Oviposition behaviour of Callosobruchus chinensis was tested on six varieties of horse gram seeds (ANK Black, AK 42, AK 21, BK 1, Urmi and Paiyur 1) to identify the resistance variety. In no choice test, females of C. chinensis laid lesser eggs within 24 h of mating on whole seeds of Urmi variety (11.6 ± 0.41) than the other varieties tested. However, females did not lay eggs when seed coat was removed from the above six varieties of horse gram. In choice test, females laid the lowest number of eggs within 24 h of mating on Urmi (1.11 ± 0.23) than the other varieties. The scanning electron micrograph (SEM) study revealed that there were morphological differences on the seed coat texture of the six horse gram varieties. The seed coat texture of Urmi variety is heterobrochate with some nearly bi-reticulate patches and few unevenly depressed muri, which partially inhibited oviposition on Urmi seeds. Urmi is the less preferred variety for oviposition.
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